Exam 1 Flashcards
Musculoskeletal complaints are second only to _______ as the reason why patients seek care?
Respiratory complaints
What is a clinical diagnosis?
A diagnosis made on the basis of the case history and the physical examination alone, without benefit of laboratory tests or x-ray films.
“pins & needles” sensation felt along specific skin demarcations
Paresthesia
Neuromusculoskeletal disturbances that disrupt the functionof internal organs
Somatovisceral
What is the acronym for past health history?
IMIST
Illnesses, medications, injuries, surgeries, transfusions.
What are the 3 stages of a fever?
- Chills
- Hot stages
- Sweating
Relapsing fevers are associated with what diseases?
Hodgkin’s disease and malaria (ticks and lice).
How much water can a body gain and lose in 20 minutes?
Gain - 6oz.
Lose - 22oz.
What are the main signs of
- Heat cramps
- Heat exhaustion
- Heat stroke
- involuntary musclehypertonicity of the legs & abdomen.
- cold, clammy, sweaty skin, weakness, dizziness, faintness, headache,or rapid, shallow breathing.
- hot dry skin, dyspnea, arrhythmia, dilatedpupils, seizures, coma & even death.
Every heartbeat pumps how much blood?
5 tablespoons of blood.
Average heart rate?
60-90 bpm
What are the rates for bradycardia and tachycardia?
Bradycardia - less than 60 Bpm
Tachycardia - more than 100 Bpm
heart rate speeds upwith each inspiration & slows again with expiration.
Sinus arrhythmia
What are the rates for tachypnea and bradypnea?
Tachypnea - >20 Bpm
Bradypnea - <12 Bpm
Normal systolic and diastolic pressure
Systolic: 100 - 140 mmHg
Diastolic: 60 -90 mmHg
Essential or idiopathic hypertension accounts for what percentage of people with high blood pressure?
92%
What are the 5D’s and 3N’s of stroke?
zziness Diplopia Dysarthria Dysphagia Difficult walking Nausea/vomiting Numbness Nystagmus
What is involved with the stroke quick test?
Smile, talk, tongue in cheeks, raise hands over their head
What is involved when the TMJ is tender to palpation?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What is involved with crepitus and the TMJ?
Osteoarthritis
Hodgkin’s disease produces what kind of lymph nodes?
Metastatic cancer lymph nodes?
Hodgkins- Large rubbery nodes
Metastatic cancer - rock hard nodes
Hypothyroidism with an iodine deficiency
Cretinism
1 cause in the US for hypothyroidism
Hashimoto’s disease
A severe, advanced adult onset form of hypothyroidism?
Myxedema
What are the physical signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
Enlarged gland, weight loss in spite of constant hunger, nervousness, tremors, fatigue, heat intolerance, diarrhea & palpitations.
What is the MC form of hyperthyroidism?
Grave’s disease
