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phm sci 310 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

1) Which of the following are statements about CNS depressants is INCORRECT?
A. Gamma hydroxybutyrate is a CNS depressant
B. Some can cause respiratory depression and even death at high doses
C. They block the actions of GABA at GABA A receptors
D. They have hypnotic effects

A

C

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2
Q

2) All of the following people have been drinking and have consumed the same amount of
alcohol. Which of the following is likely to have the LOWEST blood alcohol (BAC) level?
A. 150 pound man drinking on a full stomach
B. 150 pound man drinking on an empty stomach
C. 150 pound woman drinking on a full stomach
D. 150 pound woman drinking on an empty stomach

A

A

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3
Q

3) Which of the following statements about ethanol is CORRECT?
A. At high doses it can depress the gag reflex
B. It causes a constriction of blood vessels in the skin and promotes heat retention
C. It contains about 2 calories per gram
D. All of the above are CORRECT

A

A

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4
Q

4) Which of the following statements about ethanol is CORRECT?
A. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver is responsible for the majority of ethanol metabolism
B. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the stomach is responsible for the majority of ethanol metabolism
C. Most alcohol is cleared from the body through the lungs
D. Catalase is responsible for the majority of ethanol metabolism

A

A

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5
Q

5) Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Withdrawal from ethanol can cause both physical and psychological symptoms
B. Seizures can occur in people withdrawing from chronic alcohol use
C. People suffering from delirium tremens can experience hallucinations and hypertension
D. The risk of developing alcohol use disorder is decreased in people who can “hold their liquor”

A

D

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6
Q

6) Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Chronic alcohol consumption can decrease the activity of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing
system
B. Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to deficiency of nutrients such as thiamine
C. Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to pharmacodynamic (tissue) tolerance
D. Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to psychological dependence

A

A

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7
Q

7) Which of the following drugs is thought to cause a build-up of acetaldehyde if someone
consumes alcohol?
A. Disulfiram (Antabuse)
B. Naltrexone (ReVia, Vivitrol)
C. Acamprosate (Campral)
D. None of the above

A

A

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8
Q

8) Which of the following statements about barbiturates is CORRECT?
A. Like benzodiazepines, they are incapable of opening the GABA A channel in the absence of
GABA
B. Tolerance to them never develops
C. They are sometimes prescribed for physician-assisted suicide
D. They are safe even in overdose

A

C

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9
Q

9) Which of the following statements about gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is CORRECT?
A. It can bind to multiple receptors
B. It can cause respiratory depression
C. When used to treat narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia (as Xyrem or Xywav) it is only
available through REMS drug safety program
D. All of the above are CORRECT

A

D

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10
Q

10) What statement describes the branch of pharmacology called “Pharmacodynamics.”
A. the study of drugs in livestock.
B. the study of what living things do to drugs.
C. the study of what drugs do to living things.
D. the study of the adverse effects of drugs

A

C

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11
Q

11) The therapeutic index refers to:
A. the absolute number of molecules of a drug required to elicit a response.
B. the maximum effect attainable.
C. the individual differences in drug response.
D. the relative safety of the drug.

A

D

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12
Q

12) A drug with a wide therapeutic index refers to:
A. a drug that is safer than a drug with a narrow therapeutic index
B. a drug that is less safe than a drug with a narrow therapeutic index
C. a drug that is equally safe as a drug with a narrow therapeutic index
D. a drug that has a very high potency

A

A

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13
Q

13) The basic cellular unit of the central nervous system is the:
A. nerve.
B. synapse.
C. axon.
D. neuron

A

D

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14
Q

14) Which of the following statements regarding synapses are correct?
A. it is the site of chemical transmission.
B. it is the site of contact between an axon and a dentrite.
C. it is the site of neurotransmitter release.
D. all of the above

A

D

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15
Q

15) The action potential, or electrical signal, in a neuron travels in the following direction:
A. from presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron
B. from axon to dendrite
C. from soma to dendrite
D. from dendrite to axon

A

D

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16
Q

16) The study of how the liver metabolizes morphine into inactive metabolites using an animal
model would be considered this area of pharmacology?
A. Pharmacokinetics
B. Pharmacodynamics
C. Toxicology
D. Clinical pharmacology

A

A

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17
Q

17) This drug was present in a traditional medicine derived from cinchona bark by Peruvian
Indians who used it to treat fever?
A. Ephedrine
B. Morphine
C. Quinine
D. Codeine

A

C

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18
Q

18) This early pharmacologist is considered to be the founder of experimental medicine and is
noted for his research on curare and carbon monoxide poisoning?
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Francois Magendie
C. Claude Bernard
D. Robert Koch

A

C

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19
Q

19) This best describes the type of clinical trial that would test the efficacy of an FDA approved
drug for a new medical use?
A. Phase I clinical trial
B. Phase II clinical trial
C. Phase III clinical trial
D. Phase IV clinical trial

A

D

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20
Q

20) The subject protections for clinical trials are based on ethical principles contained in what?
A. 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
B. 1979 Belmont Report
C. 1955 Eisenhower Commission Report
D. 1963 Warren Commission Report

A

B

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21
Q

21) About 70% of a typical cell is made of this?
A. RNA
B. DNA
C. Proteins
D. Water

A

D

22
Q

22) This is a type of bond where electrons are equally shared between two atoms?
A. Ionic bond
B. Non-polar covalent bond
C. Polar covalent bond
D. Hydrogen bond

A

B

23
Q

23) This describes arrangements of non-polar molecules that minimize their interaction with
water?
A. Hydrophobic interactions
B. Polar interactions
C. Hydrogen bonds
D. Crystal interactions

A

A

24
Q

24) This type of molecule is the chemical basis for cell membranes?
A. Polysaccharide
B. RNA
C. Phospholipid
D. Protein

A

C

25
Q

25) This describes a protein that can accelerate a chemical reaction through the process of
catalysis?
A. Receptor
B. Ligand
C. Channel
D. Enzyme

A

D

26
Q

26) This pharmacokinetic term describes the movement of a drug into the bloodstream?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion

A

A

27
Q

27) This is a route of administration where drug Bioavailability (F) is reduced by first-pass metabolism?
A. Oral
B. Transdermal
C. Inhalation
D. Intravenous injection

A

A

28
Q

28) This is a route of administration where drug Bioavailability (F) is reduced by the features of the epithelial cells that act as barriers between the environment and bloodstream?
A. Oral
B. Topical (applied to skin)
C. Topical (inhalation into lungs)
D. All of the above

A

D

29
Q

29) This pharmacokinetic parameter is defined as the volume of blood cleared of drug per unit time?
A. Bioavailability (F)
B. Clearance (CL)
C. Volume of Distribution (V)
D. Half Life (t1/2 )

A

B

30
Q

30) This pharmacokinetic parameter describes the relationship between the amount of drug in the blood plasma and the total amount of drug in the body?
A. Bioavailability (F)
B. Clearance (CL)
C. Volume of Distribution (V)
D. Half Life (t1/2 )

A

C

31
Q

31) If a person is taking 1 dose per day of a drug, this is the half life that would be associated with the greatest difference between maximum and minimum plasma drug concentration when a
steady state is reached?
A. t1/2 = 6 hours
B. t1/2 = 24 hours
C. t1/2 = 4 days
D. t1/2 = 7 days

A

A

32
Q

32) Over activation of neural circuits in this part of the central nervous system are thought to be an underlying cause of anxiety?
A. Amygdala
B. Cerebral Cortex
C. Cerebellum
D. Spinal Cord

A

A

33
Q

33) The main mechanism that allows benzodiazepine drugs to treat anxiety is what?
A. Increase the action of serotonin in the brain.
B. Decrease the action of serotonin in the brain.
C. Increase the action of GABA in the brain.
D. Decrease the action of GABA in the brain

A

C

34
Q

34) Binding of a benzodiazepine drug to its receptor would have what effect on the movement of ions across the cell membrane?
A. Increase the movement of Cl - ions across the cell membrane.
B. Decrease the movement of Cl - ions across the cell membrane.
C. Increase the movement of K + ions across the cell membrane.
D. Decrease the movement of K + ions across the cell membrane.

A

A

35
Q

35) This is a benzodiazepine drug that is not FDA approved for use in the USA but has been used illegally as a date rape drug due to strong amnesic properties?
A. Diazepam (Valium)
B. Clonazepam (Klonopin)
C. Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
D. Zolpidem (Ambien)

A

C

36
Q

36) This is a BZRA drug that is useful for managing insomnia but not anxiety?
A. Diazepam (Valium)
B. Clonazepam (Klonopin)
C. Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
D. Eszopiclone (Lunestra®)

A

D

37
Q

37) This is a drug for anxiety that acts as a selective 5-HT1A agonist?
A. Buspirone (BuSpar)
B. Zaleplon (Sonata)
C. Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
D. Triazolam (Halcion)

A

A

38
Q

38) A drug that blocks fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles at the synapse. I D

A

B

39
Q

39) A drug that stimulates the autoregulatory inhibition of vesicle release. I D

A

B

40
Q

40) A drug that is an agonist of the neurotransmitter molecule I D

A

A

41
Q

41) A drug that results in a decrease in the number of receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. I D

A

B

42
Q

42) A drug that blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitter molecules from the synaptic cleft I D

A

A

43
Q

43) A drug with lower affinity receptor binding (“looser” binding) would be expected to have higher potency T F

A

B

44
Q

44) A drug with a narrow therapeutic index would be expected to be a very safe drug T F

A

B

45
Q

45) Cellular tolerance is an adjustment in brain neurochemistry in response to the chronic presence of a drug that offsets the effects of the drug T F

A

A

46
Q

46) GABA is the major excitatory neurotransmitter used by neurons in the brain T F

A

B

47
Q

47) Death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra is related to Parkinson’s disease T F

A

A

48
Q

48) Binding of neurotransmitters to their receptors is almost always irreversible. T F

A

B

49
Q

49) True or false:
A 80 proof liquor is 8% ABV T F

A

B

50
Q

50) True or False: Ethanol does not cross the placenta T F

A

B

phm sci 310 (3 decks)

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