Exam 1 Flashcards
Minoan civilization
Preceded Hellenic Greece
Peaked during 1700-1450 BCE
Situated in Crete
The center of Minoan civilization was complex palaces
Depicted as peaceful
Greek dark ages
Transition from Myceanaen to Hellenic From 1100-800 BCE
Homer
Greek poet who spoke of earlier Greek civ. Historians thought they were legends
Arete
Refers to excellence of any kind
Polis
Cities in Greek
Spartan society
Society based on war, children raised to be warriors
Athenian society
Patriarchy. Open to all
Persian war
Led by King Darius of Persia
Fought between Persia and Greece
Greeks win, Athens takes credit for winning
Battle of Marathon(Athens wins)
Battle of Thermopylae(Persia wins)
Battle of Salamis(Athens wins)
Ionian Republic
Hellenistic society in Greek
Persuaded Carians to join the republic
Peloponnesian war
War between Athens and Sparta
Known as a battle of attrition
Pericles was a leader during Peloponnesian war
King Darius
King Darius is king of Persia during time of Persian Wars
Themistocles
Creator of Athenis sea power
Known as savior of Greece during Persian war
Pericles
Leader during Peloponnesian War
King Phillip of Macedonia
Father of Alexander the Great
Prisoner of Greeks, learned about them and took over when the time was right
Cleisthenes
Known as father of Athenian democracy
Created the demes to weaken aristocratic system
Solon
Set the ground for the creation of democracy
Pisistratus
A ruler in Athens who encouraged farmers to grow cash crops
Matter philosophers/cosmologists
Known as hylomorphism
Aristotles idea
Thales
One of the seven wise men. Known for his ideology on water being in everything.
Sophists
A paid teacher of philosophy in ancient Greece
Socrates
Ancient Greek philosopher
Used the dialetic way.
Told his students to question everything.
Was put to death for “corrupting youth”
Plato
Was a student of Socrates
Wrote a book called “the republic”
Took over after Socrates death
Thucydides
Wrote about the Peloponnesian War
Was considered a better writer between him and Herodotus
Aristophanes
Was famous for his comedy.
The greatest representative of Ancient Greek comedy
Herodotus
Wrote about Persian Wars
Father of history
Aimed to take bias out of history
Hellenistic Age/society
The age from the fall of Greece to the rise of Rome
Alexander the Great
Was the leader of Macedonia
Conquest over the Mediterranean states, Persian Empire, and parts of India
His last battle was the battle of Hydaspes fought against king Porus
Alexander’s conquests
Took over Persia, Mediterranean states, and parts of India
Polybius
Was exiled because of “anti Roman conduct”
Documented the rise of Rome
Hellenistic philosophy
Concerned with the pursuit of happiness
Epicurus/Epicureanism
Believed the greatest good was to seek modest, sustainable pleasure in the form of arataxia and aponia(meditation mind frames)
Stoic
Member of ancient school of philosophism
can endure pain and hardship
Skeptics
Rejects dogma and advocates the suspension of judgment over the truth of all beliefs.
Cynics
A person who believes people are motivated by self interest
Origins of Roman Republic
The Romans over threw the Etruscan conquerors
Once free the Romans established a democracy
Struggle of the Orders
A political struggle between the plebeians and the patricians in which plebeians sought equal political power to the patricians
Punic Wars
Wars fought between Rome and Carthage
Rome wins all 3
Battle of Canna
One of the most devastating losses Rome had ever suffered.
Battle of Rama
Hannibal
The general that defeated Rome in battle
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Tries to fix Rome after Punic Wars, wants to give the land back to the peasants. Both were executed(Tiberius first) which was ordered by the upper
Rival Generals - Marius and Sulla
Rivals to try and fix Rome. Organized mercenary armies to try and defeat each other. Sulla is victorious and ordered the execution of all who fought against him.
Sulla steps down eventually
Battle of Actium
