Exam. 1 Flashcards
American Medical Association (AMA)
The largest professional association of physicians and medical students in the United States, founded in 1847.
Flexner Report
A study published in 1910 by the Carnegie Foundation that evaluated medical education in the United States and prompted major changes in the way physicians were educated
patent medicines
Nonprescription drugs made of proprietary, or secret, compounds that were sold to the public in the early 1900s.
iron triangle of healthcare
A concept introduced by William Kissick describing three competing dimensions of healthcare: access, cost, and quality.
triple aim
A modified version of the Iron Triangle that highlights the interdependencies of population health, quality of care, and cost; it refers to the simultaneous pursuit of three goals: improving the health of populations, improving the patient experience of care, and reducing the per capita cost of healthcare.
affordable care act (ACA)
federal law passed in 2010 to reform the US healthcare system
chronic disease
A disease that persists for three months or longer that generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication.
life expectancy
the average number of years a person is expected to live
allopathic medicine
A system of medical practice that focuses on treating disease through medication, surgery, or other interventions; also called conventional medicine or mainstream medicine
osteopathic medicine
system of medicine that originated in the manipulation of the musculoskeletal system and that emphasizes preventive medicine while taking a holistic approach to health.
primary care physicians (PCP)
A physician who typically serves as the first contact for patients with basic medical needs; treats acute and chronic ailments and illnesses; and focuses on health promotion, disease prevention, health maintenance, and counselling. PCPs primarily practice family medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics
physicians extender
A healthcare provider who is not a physician but performs medical activities typically done by a physician; most physician extenders are nurse practitioners or physician assistants
stakeholders
An individual or group that has some investment in an organisation or obtains some benefit from it
primary care
Basic care, usually provided by doctors, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants in an ambulatory care setting
secondary care
Care that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of more serious illnesses and injuries for short periods of time. includes childbirth services, emergency services, and general surgery
tertiary care
Care that encompasses complicated services and results from referrals from primary or secondary providers
quanternary care
Highly specialised healthcare services offered at large hospitals; may involve experimental treatments and procedures
acute care
Immediate, short-term treatment for conditions or injuries that may be life-threatening or require constant monitoring by healthcare professionals
hospitals
A healthcare facility that provides medical and surgical treatment and nursing care for patients who are sick or injured
inpatient care
Care that requires at least an overnight stay in a medical facility, usually a hospital
outpatient care
Care that does not require an overnight stay in a medical facility, such as a hospital; also called ambulatory care
long term care
Care that is provided for an extended period of time to patients with chronic illness or disability
not for profit hospitals
A hospital that is legally organised as a nonprofit corporation and must invest all of its profits back into the organisation. Because of the community benefits they provide, non-for-profit hospitals are exempt from paying federal and state taxes
for profit hospitals
A hospital that is organized to create a profit for its owners; also called an investor-owned hospital. For-profit hospitals must pay state and federal taxes and can distribute profits to their investors and raise money from investors and stock offerings.
