Exam 1

Question 1

Prefixes (Intra, Extra, A, E)

Answer 1

Intra- inside
Extra- outside
A- Without, lacking
E- with

Question 2

Suffix (ic, itis, ia)

Answer 2

-ic belonging to
-itis, inflammation
-ia, condiiton

Question 3

Combining Forms (cardio, ortho)

Answer 3

Cardi/o , heart
Arth/o, joint

Question 4

Eccentric

Answer 4

muscle contraction that moves outward away from center of muscle (lengthening)
Ec- outward
centr/o= dominant part
ic= pertaining to

Question 5

Concentric

Answer 5

muscle contraction that moves toward (shorterning)
Con= with
centr/o= dominant part
ic= pertaining to

Question 6

Isometric

Answer 6

Iso= equal
metr/o= measurment
ic= pertaining to
contraction where the measurement of the muscle is equal throughout the contraction (muscle stays same length)

Question 7

Descriptors of human movement

Answer 7

Bipedal= Bi 2, Pedal feet
Contralateral= Contra pposite, lateral side

Question 8

Movement development

Answer 8

Cervical rotation
Naval radiation
homologous
homolateral
contralateral CHECK SLIDES WEEK 2

Question 9

Saggital plane

Answer 9

flexion and extension
specifici joints Dorsiflexiton and plantar flextion
ex; back squat, bicep curl

Question 10

Frontal plane

Answer 10

abduction and adduction
specific joints = radial deviation and ulnar deviation
lateral raises, side lunge

Question 11

Transverse

Answer 11

rotation (axial medial, lateral)
forearm pronation and supination
russian twist

Question 12

Axes and movement

Answer 12

Named axis is parallel to named plane
sagittal plane occurs around the frontal axis
frontal plane in the saggital axis
transverse plane in vertical axis

Question 13

Basics of human movementi

Answer 13

A joint provides a place that is moveable; a muscle
or it’s tendon must cross over the joint to affect movement at that joint. The muscle has a
proximal attachment and a distal attachment. The joint will have a specific ROM determined by
the bone structure plus soft tissue (ligaments, tendons, muscle, adipose tissue, joint capsule
etc

Question 14

Statics
Dynamics

Answer 14

static= aspects of nonmoving (posture, alignment, static balance)
Dynamic= aspects of moving body (walking, dynamic balance, kinetics and kinematics

Question 15

Kinesiology

Answer 15

study of human movement

Question 16

kinetics
kinematics

Answer 16

kinetics= study of forces on the body to generate or alter motion (gravity, friciton ,pressure) Ex: step onto ice decrease of friction,
Kinematics= analysis of movement in terms of mechanical elements (time, space, mass) EX; step onto ice what posiiton are the leg bones in, where is the center of mass, what speed were you going

Question 17

Mobility
Stability
Balance
Coordination

Answer 17

mobiliy=capacity for movement
stability= ability to be fixed or supported
balance= even distrubiton of weight around Com
Coordination= organizaiton of anatomical elements

Question 18

Symmetry
Proportion

Answer 18

symmetry= body parts are equal and opposite on both sides of body
Proportion= body parts correspond to the size of other body parts

Question 19

Kinetic chain

Answer 19

kinetic chain= series of joints linked by an arrangement of muscles and bones along the pathway of movement

Question 20

Compensation

Answer 20

the nervous system,
muscles and bones provide balance
when the skeletal structure is not
perfectly proportioned and
symmetrical

Question 20

Simulataneous
Sequential

Answer 20

simulatenous= whole body moves at same time (jumping jack)
sequential= movement in series of smaller actions (getting up from floor)

Question 21

Types of connective tissue

Answer 21

bone, cartilage, facial tissues, proper fascia, ligament + tendon

Question 22

make up of connective tissue

Answer 22

has fibroblasts= build bone that are osteoblasts and build cartilage (chondroblasts)
Has an extracellular matrix with collagen (protein with high tensile strength), elastin (thinner more flexible) and reticular fibers (supports nerve and blood vessels

Question 23

properties of soft tissue, and what they mean/how we apply them

Answer 23

Stretch- ability to lengthen without being damaged
Elasticity= capacity to recoil to an origina length after being stretched
Plasticity= capacity to be altered and retain configuration
Creep= gradual change in shape that occurs when tissues subject to slow continous force
Thixotropy= responding to changes in temperature or presure by transforming from gel to liquid
Tensile strength= ability to be pulled in two different directions without damage
Piezoelectric effect= applying pressure to tissue creates an electric charge
Colloidal= composed of solid particles suspended in fluid

Question 24

structural and functional categories of connective tissue

Answer 24

Structures: Liquid (contains blood plasma 90% water, ex: mucus, blood lymph
Loose(small number of fibers large quantity of ground substance ex: superficial fascia just below the skin
Dense: thick closely packed fibers small amounts of ground substance ex: tenons ligaments
Osseus: mineral salts mixed in with ground substance from stiffness

functions;
Two basic functions are compresion (bones cartilage) and tension (fascia, ligaments, tendons)

Question 25

Types of bone+ wolfs law

Answer 25

long, short, flat , irregular, sesamoid
bone tissue is constantly remodeling, as its put under stress it will thicken and form stronger oseuss matrix, without stress will have excess bone tissue torn down and reabsorbed

Question 26

Specific qualities, function, composition, and location in our body of the connective tissues we
have discussed
a. Proper fascia
b. Fascial tissues
c. Ligaments
d. Tendons
e. Bone

Answer 26

proper fascia= sheets of connective tissue
Septum= thicker layer of fascia that divides muslces in the extreimitirs
ligaments= bone to bone, fiber direction cross hatched
tendon= muscle to bone, fiber direction is parallel
fascial tissues =general term for bodys sheets, cables conduits , and padding

Question 27

Joints

Answer 27

Synovial= MOVEMENT diarthrotic.
Hinge= uniaxial no rotation, knee
pivot= uniaxial + rotation atlantoaxial joint
Ellipsoid= biaxial, radiocarpal joint
saddle= biaxial, first carpometacarpal joint
ball and socket= triaxial
gliding= nonaxial, wrist

Question 28

Joint Mobility + stability

Answer 28

mobility= the range of motion a joint can move through without limitation.
stability= the capacity to withstand displacement (for example: the femur, although round
does not slide off the tibia.

Question 29

SPrain + strain

Answer 29

sprain= stretch or tear of ligament, cartilage, fascia
strain= stretch or tear of muscle or tendon