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Church and State > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Bible say about the origins of government, the purposes of government?

A
  • Romans 13
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2
Q

What’s the significance of 313 AD?

A
  • The edict of Milan–Constantine declared Christianity to be a legal religion–wasn’t required by all
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3
Q

What’s the significance of 380 AD?

A
  • The Edict of Thessalonica (also known as Cunctos populos), issued on 27 February AD 380 by Theodosius I, made Nicene Christianity the state church of the Roman Empire–outlawed other sects of Christianity
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4
Q

What’s the significance of 1075 AD?

A
  • Dictatus Papae issued by Pope Gregory VII
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5
Q

What’s the significance of 1555 AD?

A
  • The creation of the Peace of Augsburg–allowed for the coexistence of Catholicism and Protestants
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6
Q

What’s the significance of 1517 AD?

A
  • The beginning of the reformation, Luther posts his 95 theses
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7
Q

What’s the significance of 1648 AD?

A
  • The end of the 30 years war–the Peace of Westphalia–toleration of religions around Europe
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8
Q

What’s the significance of 1598 AD?

A
  • Edict of Nantes; French Religious wars
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9
Q

What’s the significance of 1689?

A
  • Toleration act issued by William and Mary–formerly tolerated all Christians besides Roman Catholics, parliamentary issued
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10
Q

What’s the significance of 1215 AD?

A
  • Fourth Lateran Council–council decided on the persecution of heretics; if rulers fail to persecute and execute heretics, then they can be deposed of.
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11
Q

What’s the Petrine Doctrine?

A

Doctrine based in Matthew 18; interpretation by the catholic church that Peter is who the church is built on; keys of kingdom doctrine. The catholic church has ultimate authority to decide what’s right within the Church, and outside the church

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12
Q

What does Matthew 22:15-21 state?

A

Render to Caesar what is Caesar’s and render to God what is Gods’

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13
Q

What does the “Wheat and the Tares” parable say?

A

From Matthew 24:13, it was used to describe allowing Christians and non-Christians to exist together, and let God sort it out in the end time judgment.

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14
Q

What does Compelle intrare (Luke 14: 23) mean?

A

View that one should coerce someone into Christianity. Augustine–-should we coerce people to come into church or not.

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15
Q

What is the Investiture Struggle?

A

The conflict between the Church and State in Medieval Europe, over the ability to choose and instill bishops and church leaders by the state

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16
Q

What is the Two Swords Theory?

A

The sacred authority of the Church–sacred sword, and the ruling sword–or “state sword”

17
Q

What does Romans 13: 1-7 state?

A

The statement for the institution of government by God–to follow the leaders

18
Q

What is the Peace of Augsburg?

A

End of the Lutheran Catholic war in the Holy Roman empire, rulers were either allowed to adopt Lutheranism, or Catholicism.

19
Q

What is the Edict of Nantes?

A

French religious wars; Henry gave toleration to the Calvinists

20
Q

What is the Peace of Westphalia?

A

Ended the 30 years war, now a ruler of a state within the Holy Roman Empire, can decide if he wants to be a Catholic, Lutheran, or Calvinist state–only 1 religion per state.

21
Q

What is the Dictatus Papae?

A

The Pope has never erred; the pope is ruler of all secular authorities.

22
Q

Who are the Anabaptists?

A

They were not given much toleration throughout their history, and they sought to fully distance themselves from intervening in politics–being removed from the “state”

23
Q

What is an Established Church?

A

A state church–establishment of a single church in a state–government. Disestablishment in the U.S.

24
Q

What is Caesaropapism?

A

Concept that the empire or ruler (secular leader) should be the head of the church

25
Q

What is Toleration?

A

The practice of allowing someone or something to take part in their views or beliefs–religious toleration of different religions

26
Q

What did Constantine believe?

A

First Roman emperor to allow Christianity–favored it.

27
Q

What did Theodosius I believe?

A

First Roman emperor to make Christianity the only legal religion in the empire.

28
Q

What did Gelasius believe?

A

Advocated for the primacy of the Holy See of Rome over the “Universal Church”–either east or west aspects of the Church.

29
Q

What did Gregory I believe?

A

The first pope to truly unite western Christianity, and begin to develop a relationship with the secular rulers of Western Europe. The church is the glue that holds society together.

30
Q

What did Gregory VII believe?

A

One of the main figure of the investiture controversy

31
Q

What did Louis XIV believe?

A

Swore to defend the Catholic Church when he was sworn in; ordered the persecution of Protestants

  • revoked the Edict of Nantes 1685
32
Q

What did John Calvin believe?

A

View of Church and State; how the role of the state is to protect the true religion, as well as enforce both tables of the Ten Commandments; how you worship God, and how you should act

33
Q

What did Martin Luther believe?

A

View of Church and State; the relation of the state towards the Church. The state should really stay out of the affairs of the Church; but the state is necessary to deal with civil disputes.

34
Q

What did John Locke believe?

A

More secularized thinker, to make an argument for toleration–very broad–became an argument for rights–free reign to worship how they want. Doesn’t include atheists or Roman catholics as a part of receiving rights

35
Q

What did Roger Williams believe?

A

Founder of American baptist church-1644, he thought that since the coming of Christ, you don’t need to persuade people to Christ, and that we don’t live by the Mosaic law

36
Q

What did William Penn believe?

A

Was a quaker from Pennsylvania who sought to bring toleration to the colonies

37
Q

What did Lactantius believe?

A

One of the first church fathers, made a formal argument for toleration to Roman leaders

38
Q

What did Augustine believe?

A

The great Christian theologian, Bishop of Hippo; he thought that you can take back those who go back on their faith; later period of life thought that the Romans should persecute the Donetists if they were to come back into the church.

Church and State (2 decks)

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