Exam 1 Flashcards
Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that _________
are a result of hydrogen bonding
Why does ice float in liquid water?
stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules o face farther apart than water molecules of liquid water
Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are _________.
nonpolar substances that repel water molecules
_________ energy is the energy of motion
kinetic
Which of the following is a hydrophobic material
wax
The kind and number of bonds an atom can form depends on ___________.
the number of particles in its nucleus
In a single molecules of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by _______.
polar covalent bonds
Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?
they maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them
_____________ are two atoms of an element that differ in number of neutrons
isotopes
A __________ bond forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom
hydrogen bond
____________ are ranged into specific energy levels called shells
electrons
A pH measurement of 13.52 would be considered ________
basic
A _______ is the amount of heat energy to raise the temperature of one gram of water
calorie
To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?
reductionism
What’s the order of biological hierarchy?
- biosphere
- ecosystem
- community
- population
- organism
plants convert __________-
sunlight to chemical energy
Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?
taxonomy
the partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?
hydrogen bond
liquid water ____________.
A.) is less dense than ice
B.) has a specific heat lower than that of most other substances
C.) has a heat of vaporization higher than that of most other substances
D.) is non-polar
has a heat of vaporization higher than that of most other substances
Rank, from low to high, the pH of blood, stomach acid, and urine
- stomach acid
- urine
- blood
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops. The pH of raindrops is ______
slightly acidic
Acid solutions have pH values ___________ 7.0
less than
Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?
near universality of the genetic code
A controlled experiment _____________.
includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment
Van der Waals interactions may result when _______.
electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule
The atomic number refers to the ___________.
number of protons in an atom
the atomic mass of an atom is determined by the combined masses of its ___________
neutrons and protons
the lowest level of biological organization consists of ______________.
subatomic particles
___________ cells are the most complex type of cell
Eukaryotic cells
__________ logic uses observations and facts to arrive at generalization for hypotheses
inductive
__________ is the acquisition of traits by way of transmission of DNA from parent to offspring
inheritance
___________ donate H+ when dissolved in water
acids
The least inclusive of the taxonomic categories listed here is
A.) family
B.) phylum
C.) genus
D.) order
genus
What are four common states of matter?
- liquid
- gas
- solid
- plasma
__________ properties are measured or observed without changing the identity of the substances or matter in the object
physical
An _________ is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions
element
A ________ is a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid
colloid
An ________ solution is one ion which water is the solvent
aqueous
A _______ is a positively charged ion
cation
List the three multicellular kingdoms that are contained in the domain Eukarya
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Animalia
List the two types of data
- Qualitative
- Quantitative
List three common characteristics shared by all living organisms
- growth and development
- reproduce
- energy processing
List the three domains of life
- Eukarya
- Bacteria
- Archaea
List the four properties of water
- cohesive behavior
- expansion upon freezing
- moderate temperature
- versatilely of a solute
_________ refers to rain, snow, or fog with a pH lower than 5.6
acid precipitation
List the three subatomic particles that are common in many atoms
- electron
- proton
- neutron
_________ is the transformation of a substance from liquid to gas
evaporation
_________ are representations of natural phenomena and can take the form of diagrams and mathematical equations
models
________ electrons are those electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom
valence
________ measures the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy of molecules
temperature
the structure and ______ of living organisms are closely related
function
water reaches its greatest density at _____C
4
The word ______ is derived from Latin and means “to know”
science
___________ is the scientific study of life
biology
________ is the chemical conversion of nutrient molecules (food) into useable energy and building materials
metabolism
energy flows through an ecosystem, usually entering as _________ and exiting as ___________
Light and heat
A hypothesis must be ________ and potentially _________
testable and falsifiable
____________ properties are observed when changes occur in the identity of the matter in a substance
chemical
___________ energy is the energy that matter has because of its location or structure
potential
the final molecules of a chemical reaction are called _________
products
___________ is the biological medium on Earth
water
