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Bio-120 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that _________

A

are a result of hydrogen bonding

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2
Q

Why does ice float in liquid water?

A

stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules o face farther apart than water molecules of liquid water

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3
Q

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are _________.

A

nonpolar substances that repel water molecules

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4
Q

_________ energy is the energy of motion

A

kinetic

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5
Q

Which of the following is a hydrophobic material

A

wax

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6
Q

The kind and number of bonds an atom can form depends on ___________.

A

the number of particles in its nucleus

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7
Q

In a single molecules of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by _______.

A

polar covalent bonds

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8
Q

Which of the following statements is true about buffer solutions?

A

they maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them

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9
Q

_____________ are two atoms of an element that differ in number of neutrons

A

isotopes

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10
Q

A __________ bond forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom

A

hydrogen bond

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11
Q

____________ are ranged into specific energy levels called shells

A

electrons

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12
Q

A pH measurement of 13.52 would be considered ________

A

basic

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13
Q

A _______ is the amount of heat energy to raise the temperature of one gram of water

A

calorie

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14
Q

To understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?

A

reductionism

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15
Q

What’s the order of biological hierarchy?

A
  1. biosphere
  2. ecosystem
  3. community
  4. population
  5. organism
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16
Q

plants convert __________-

A

sunlight to chemical energy

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17
Q

Which branch of biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

A

taxonomy

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18
Q

the partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

A

hydrogen bond

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19
Q

liquid water ____________.

A.) is less dense than ice

B.) has a specific heat lower than that of most other substances

C.) has a heat of vaporization higher than that of most other substances

D.) is non-polar

A

has a heat of vaporization higher than that of most other substances

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20
Q

Rank, from low to high, the pH of blood, stomach acid, and urine

A
  1. stomach acid
  2. urine
  3. blood
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21
Q

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops. The pH of raindrops is ______

A

slightly acidic

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22
Q

Acid solutions have pH values ___________ 7.0

A

less than

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23
Q

Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life?

A

near universality of the genetic code

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24
Q

A controlled experiment _____________.

A

includes at least two groups, one of which does not receive the experimental treatment

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25
Q

Van der Waals interactions may result when _______.

A

electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule

26
Q

The atomic number refers to the ___________.

A

number of protons in an atom

27
Q

the atomic mass of an atom is determined by the combined masses of its ___________

A

neutrons and protons

28
Q

the lowest level of biological organization consists of ______________.

A

subatomic particles

29
Q

___________ cells are the most complex type of cell

A

Eukaryotic cells

30
Q

__________ logic uses observations and facts to arrive at generalization for hypotheses

A

inductive

31
Q

__________ is the acquisition of traits by way of transmission of DNA from parent to offspring

A

inheritance

32
Q

___________ donate H+ when dissolved in water

A

acids

33
Q

The least inclusive of the taxonomic categories listed here is

A.) family
B.) phylum
C.) genus
D.) order

A

genus

34
Q

What are four common states of matter?

A
  1. liquid
  2. gas
  3. solid
  4. plasma
35
Q

__________ properties are measured or observed without changing the identity of the substances or matter in the object

A

physical

36
Q

An _________ is a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions

A

element

37
Q

A ________ is a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid

A

colloid

38
Q

An ________ solution is one ion which water is the solvent

A

aqueous

39
Q

A _______ is a positively charged ion

A

cation

40
Q

List the three multicellular kingdoms that are contained in the domain Eukarya

A
  1. Plantae
  2. Fungi
  3. Animalia
41
Q

List the two types of data

A
  1. Qualitative
  2. Quantitative
42
Q

List three common characteristics shared by all living organisms

A
  1. growth and development
  2. reproduce
  3. energy processing
43
Q

List the three domains of life

A
  1. Eukarya
  2. Bacteria
  3. Archaea
44
Q

List the four properties of water

A
  1. cohesive behavior
  2. expansion upon freezing
  3. moderate temperature
  4. versatilely of a solute
45
Q

_________ refers to rain, snow, or fog with a pH lower than 5.6

A

acid precipitation

46
Q

List the three subatomic particles that are common in many atoms

A
  1. electron
  2. proton
  3. neutron
47
Q

_________ is the transformation of a substance from liquid to gas

A

evaporation

48
Q

_________ are representations of natural phenomena and can take the form of diagrams and mathematical equations

A

models

49
Q

________ electrons are those electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom

A

valence

50
Q

________ measures the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy of molecules

A

temperature

51
Q

the structure and ______ of living organisms are closely related

A

function

52
Q

water reaches its greatest density at _____C

A

4

53
Q

The word ______ is derived from Latin and means “to know”

A

science

54
Q

___________ is the scientific study of life

A

biology

55
Q

________ is the chemical conversion of nutrient molecules (food) into useable energy and building materials

A

metabolism

56
Q

energy flows through an ecosystem, usually entering as _________ and exiting as ___________

A

Light and heat

57
Q

A hypothesis must be ________ and potentially _________

A

testable and falsifiable

58
Q

____________ properties are observed when changes occur in the identity of the matter in a substance

A

chemical

59
Q

___________ energy is the energy that matter has because of its location or structure

A

potential

60
Q

the final molecules of a chemical reaction are called _________

A

products

61
Q

___________ is the biological medium on Earth

A

water

Bio-120 (3 decks)

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