Exam 1 Flashcards
What does the Triple A approach to critical thinking stand for?
Ask
Asses
Assert
The perspective of social welfare
Residual, Institutional and Developmental.
The perspective that it is people’s own fault if they need outside help. The idea that Social Welfare benefits should only be given when people fail to provide for themselves.
Residual
Natural for people to have needs. Communities responsibility to help provide services for people to get ahead.
Institutional
*newest view- This perspective focuses on social interventions that have a positive impact on economic development. The idea that social programs are justified in terms of economic efficiency criteria
Developmental
It is defined as the “relatively coherent system of ideas (beliefs, traditions, principles, and myths.” It frames the way people see the world. It affects what people feel is valuable and what is not.
Political Ideologies
the philosophy that individuals are responsible for themselves, government should provide minimal interference in peoples lives and change is generally unnecessary.
- generally oppose change and thrive on tradition
- generally assume a negative view of human nature. The view that society has the responsibility of regulating peoples behavior so that it is in compliance with the laws and God and a patriarchal society
- usually conceive of people as perfectly capable of taking care of themselves
Conservatism
Philosophy that government should be involved so that all people’s rights and privileges are protected
- often embrace change and are always looking for different approaches on improving policies and providing services
- have a much more positive perspective on human nature
- believe that it is governments job to protect people from sexism, various forms of discrimination, and poverty
Liberalism
A more extreme approach, belief that the current political and social structure is not adequate of truly providing social justice
Belief that drastic, fundamental changes are necessary to achieve fair and equal treatment
Radicalism
Service, Social justice, Dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, competence.
Values of NASW
providing help, resources so people can achieve max potential
Service
upholding the goal that all citizens have equal opportunities regardless of their backgrounds
Social Justice
appreciation of the individual
Dignity and worth of the person
valuing the interactions between social workers and clients
Importance of human relationships
maintaining trust, morals
Integrity
having the necessary skills and abilities to work with clients
Competence
the ability of an individual, family, group, community, or organization to recover from adversity and resume functioning even when suffering serious trouble, confusion, or hardship( CSWE , 2008b, EP, B2.2 ;Greene, 2007)
Risk Factors VS Protective Factors
Risk factors- this increases vunerability
Protective factors- this protects against vunerabilities
*can also be occur in larger systems-Neighborhood watch programs
Resiliency
“Every individual, group, family, and community has strengths”
“Trauma and abuse, illness and struggle may be injurious but they may also be sources of challenge and opportunity”
“Social Workers should assume that they “do notknow the upper limits of the capacity to grow and change and take individual, group, and community aspirations seriously”
Social Workers “best serve clients by collaborating with them”
“Every environment is full of resources”- (Saleebey, 2009)
Strength Perspective
as “process of increasing personal, interpersonal, or political power so that individuals can take action to improve their life situations.”(Gutierrez, 2001)
Empowerment
Percentage of earnings difference between women and men.
78.7%
The planned change process
Engagement, Assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, termination
establishing communication(nonverbal and verbal)
Engagement
gathering information-identifying strengths of client, community
Assessment
choosing a course of action with a client-pros and cons
Planning
following the plan and then evaluating the effectiveness
Implementation and evaluation
the end of the professional relationship
Termination
“mastery of a particular set of knowledge, skills, policies and programs used by the social worker that addresses the cultural needs of individuals, families, groups and communities.”
- Develop an awareness of personal values, assumptions and biases.
- establish an appreciation of other cultures and nurture attitudes that respect differences.
- understand how one’s own culture heritage and belief system differ from and may influence interaction with clients who have a different cultural background.
- Recognize the existence of stereotypes about discrimination against and oppression of various diverse groups.
- Commit to learning about client’s cultures.
- Acquire effective skills for working with people from other cultures.
Cultural Competence
It is the application of a wide range of knowledge, values, and skills to target individual, family, group, organizational and community processes.
generalist social worker
The roles of a social worker?
Counselor, educator, broker, case manager, mobilizer, mediator, negotiator, facilitator, advocate
providing guidance and assistance
Counselor
gives information or teaching skills to others
Educator
Linking clients to resources
Broker
Coordinates services on behalf of a client
Case manager
identifying and convenes community resources to act on creating change
Mobilizer
Resolves arguments or disagreements among individual, family, group, or organizational structure
Mediator
Serves as an intermediary, settles and dispute, resolve disagreements
Negotiator
Guides a group experience
Facilitator
Speaks on behalf of clients to promote fair and equitable treatment or gain resources
Advocate
Levels of social work intervention
Micro - individual
Micro/Mezzo - families
Mezzo - Groups
Macro - organization and communities
International-concerns relationships and issues between
two nations
Global-relationships and issues concerning all nations
around the globe
Can be looked at from a Macro Focus
May address issues such as human trafficking-
Estimated that 600,000-800,000 people are trafficked
Across international borders(Hodge,2008).
The NASW Purposes
The first piece of legislation establishing support for needy people through taxes
Eligible recipients are the following:
Dependent children-children were placed in whatever citizen placed the lowest bid for public reimbursement to provide child’s care until an average age of 24 for boys and 21 for girls
Impotent poor-individuals who were physically or mentally unable to work- given food and shelter
Able-bodied poor- individuals who were offered any job and forced to work or suffer jail or even death. They may be forced into workhouses
Elizabeth Poor Law 1601
The idea that the income of all poor people would be supplemented the government so that everyone would have the minimum income deemed necessary for survival.
The system was a failure for two reasons:
- Wages fell because why would businesses pay higher wages if the government would supplement
- Unemployment soared because people did not have to work, they would get the same amount whether they worked or not.
* There were no work incentives
Speenhamlands System (England) 1795
Jane Adams
Hall house
The first to articulate formulation of social work theories and techniques upon which the profession could be based.
Mary Richmond
Came under Franklin Roosevelt and out of the Great Depression
It created a wide range of social programs such as Public Works Administration whose goal was to stimulate depressed industries by contracting with private businesses to build public facilities
Extended Federal control in social welfare matters
The New Deal
1960’s marked the focus on poverty
President Lyndon Johnson initiated this focus
Programs such as Operation Head Start and the Food Stamp Act of 1964, Medicare and Medicaid in 1965
The intent was to eliminate poverty and provide a quality of life for all
The Great Society
- Recognizing the values in society (may vary over time)
- Identifying problems and needs
- Identification of opinion about an identified problem
- Legislation then weighs identified issue through public opinion, interest groups, political climate plays a role
- The policy is then implemented through a social welfare program
- The policy is practiced by social service and other professional providers
Social welfare policy development and phases
Established for people in need, funds come from general tax revenues- federal, state and local level.
Public Assistance.
- developed in 1996 from( AFDC)- much stricter guidelines, time limits for assistance, does not require states to provide child care as AFDC did also up to individual states to provide transportation assistance.
- gives states more control, allows states to determine their eligibility-states then may establish very low income requirements to offset their budget issues
- Wasn’t successful
TANF
Sociologists, who study how societies are structures, tend to divide the population into categories of social position based on the extent to which people have access to the goods and services the society values.
Social Stratification
% of the Federal Budget spent on Safety net programs.
10%
Myths and Truths about public assistance
- Many feel that it’s their own fault that they’re needy and that they should do something about it. Unlike people receiving social insurance, the argument goes, they never paid for public assistance and so don’t really deserve benefits.
- Many people are in serious need of help– including many children.
Three major components of a rural community (Davenport&Davenport,2008)
- Low population density- number of residents per square mile
- significant distance from urban cities
- Concentrating its activity in specialized areas- lumbering, farming
*Rural communities often cope with poverty, lack of transportation, inadequate childcare, insufficient health care
Rural Social Work
Conditions which characterize urban communities(Marsella,1998):
Population is usually denser and often contains diverse populations
Consists of a range of industries
Traffic Noise, questionable air quality
High contact with individuals on a daily basis
Many layers within a bureaucratic systems
Urban Social Work
Charitable housing for the elderly.
Almshouses
The process of replacing mental people in separate facilities and wanted to reduce and eliminate mental illnesses.
Deinstitutionalization
