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Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Purposes of reproduction

A

Perpetuation of species
To provide food
Genetic improvement

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2
Q

Ductless glands, secrete directly into blood

A

Endocrine glands

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3
Q

Ducts, secrete externally

A

Exocrine glands

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4
Q

What glands secrete hormones and where do they go

A

Endocrine glands, carried by blood to specific target tissues where they evoke physiological adjustments

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5
Q

Properties of hormones

A

Effect specialized tissues containing receptors
Are not chemically unique
Have variable speeds of reaction
Active at very low concentrations

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6
Q

Hormones from anterior pituitary

A

LH, FSH, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone

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7
Q

FSH actions in females

A

Follicle growth
Estrogen production (in conjunction with LH)
Inhibin production

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8
Q

FSH actions in males

A

Spermiogenesis
Inhibin production
Androgen-binding protein

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9
Q

Action of LH in females

A

Maturation of follicle
Ovulation
CL formation
Progesterone production (luteotropic effect)

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10
Q

Action of LH in males

A

Testosterone production (from leydig cells )

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11
Q

What kind of hormone is prolactin

A

Lactotropin

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12
Q

Actions of prolactin

A

Milk synthesis
Development of mammary glands
Maternal behavior

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13
Q

What cells produce ACTH

A

Corticotrope

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14
Q

Action of ACTH

A

Release of glucocorticoids (cortisol) from adrenal glands

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15
Q

Hormones from ovary

A

Estrogens, progesterones, Inhibin, and relaxin

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16
Q

site of production and some actions of estrogen

A

theca and granulosa cells of follicle; uterine contractions, positive and negative feedback on gonadotropins, duct growth of mammary glands, secondary sex characteristics

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17
Q

site of production and action of progesterone

A

luteal cells of CL; maintains pregnancy

18
Q

site of production for inhibin (folliculostatin) and actions

A

granulosa cells of follicle, found in follicular fluid; suppresses release of FSH

19
Q

site of production for relaxin and actions

A

luteal cells of CL during pregnancy (also placenta and uterus); relaxes body during pregnancy

20
Q

hormones from testis

A

androgens (testosterone), ABP, and inhbin

21
Q

site of production and action of testosterone

A

Leydig cells of testis (stimulated by LH); spermatocytogenesis and male sexual behavior

22
Q

site of production and action of inhibin

A

Sertoli cells of testis, suppressed FSH

23
Q

site of production and action of ABP

A

sertoli cells; binds androgens to maintain high conc. for spermatogenesis

24
Q

Hormones from placenta

A

estrogens, progestins, relaxin, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG or eCG), placental lactogen, and interferon

25
Q

site of production and action for hCG

A

syncytiotrophoblastic cells of trophoblast; converts CL of menstrual cycle to CL of pregnancy

26
Q

site of production and action of PMSG/ eCG

A

endometrial cells of mares placenta ( get from the separation of serum); formation of accessory and primary CL during pregnancy, FSH-like in domestic animals other than the mare, stimulates excessive follicular development in domestic animals other than mare

27
Q

site of production and action of placental lactogen

A

placenta; developes mammary gland for milk production, regulation of maternal nutrients to fetus, regulation of fetal growth

28
Q

where is placental lactogen highest

A

last trimester of pregnancy (higher in dairy cattle)

29
Q

What is interferon also known as

A

OTP and bTP

30
Q

site of production and action of interferon

A

placenta of bovine and ovine; role in maternal recognition

31
Q

hormones from uterus

A

relaxin, prostaglandin (PGF2a and PGe2)

32
Q

precursor to PGF2a

A

arachidonic acid

33
Q

site of production and action of PGF2a

A

endometrial cells of the uterus and vesicular glands in male; regression of CL, constriction of blood vessels, smooth muscle contraction for sperm and ovum transport, stimulates gonadotropin release

34
Q

uses of PGF2a

A

synchronization of estrus and ovulation in cows and mares, the luteolytic effect of CL, abortion in feedlot cattle

35
Q

precursor to PGE2

A

arachidonic acid

36
Q

what kind of hormone if PGE2

37
Q

Hormones from adrenal cortex

A

Glucocorticoids (cortisol)

38
Q

site of production and action of cortisol

A

adrenal cortex; initiation of parturition, synergizes with prolactin to initiate milk synthesis, reduces inflammation

39
Q

what is compudose used for

A

increase anabolic effect

40
Q

what is trenbolone acetate “revalor” used for

A

increase weight gain and feed efficiency

41
Q

what is melengestrol a compound of

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