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Bio 2 Lab > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a portion of DNA that determines a trait

A

gene

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2
Q

a specific form of a gene

A

allele

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3
Q

an organisms genetic information

A

genotype

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4
Q

set of observable physical traits

A

phenotype

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5
Q

identical alleles (TT or tt)

A

homozygous

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6
Q

different alleles (Tt)

A

heterozygous

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7
Q

phenotype ratio

A

3:1

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8
Q

genotype ratio

A

1:2:1

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9
Q

what is inherited

A

particles

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10
Q

true or false: traits can be blended

A

false

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11
Q

frequencies of alleles and genotypes will remain ____ overtime in the absence of other evolutionary influences

A

constant

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12
Q

hardy-weinberg equation

A

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 or p+q=1

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13
Q

what does P squared represent?

A

frequency of the homozygous dominant allele

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14
Q

what does q squared represent?

A

frequency of the homozygous recessive allele

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15
Q

what does 2pq represent?

A

frequency of the heterozygous allele

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16
Q

In the lab, why are alleles (beans) returned to their containers everytime?

A

to keep the same probability of alleles

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17
Q

how is the frequency of a genotype calculated?

A

the number of one genotype divided by the number of all genotypes

18
Q

what are the 3 basic shapes of bacteria

A
  1. bacilli (rods)
  2. cocci (spheres)
  3. sprillia/spirochetes (spirals)
19
Q

what color is a positive gram stain?

A

purple

20
Q

what color is a negative gram stain?

A

pink/red

21
Q

what are the arrangements of bacteria

A

-singles
-pairs
-clusters
-chains
-tetrads

22
Q

what are the two cycles of bacteriophage replication called?

A

lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle

23
Q

a virus that attacks bacteria

A

bacteriophage

24
Q

in which cycle does the virus become dormant inside the host cell

A

lysogenic

25
Q

what is a latent virus

A

a virus that can remain inactive for long periods of time

26
Q

when does a virus in the lysogenic cycle start replicating

A

when an external activation signal occurs

27
Q

at what ph do coacervates form

A

4

28
Q

what organic compounds are combined to form coacervates

A

5ml of gelatin and 3ml of gum arabic (protein and carbohydrates)

29
Q

what is added to create an environment for coacervates

A

hydrochloric acid (HCl)

30
Q

what type of virus is polio

A

human

31
Q

what type of virus is influenza

A

human

32
Q

what type of virus is measels

A

human

33
Q

what type of virus is vaccinia

A

animal

34
Q

what type of virus is newcastle

A

animal

35
Q

what type of virus is HPV

A

cancer

36
Q

what type of virus is rauscher lukemia

A

cancer

37
Q

what type of virus is the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

A

plant

38
Q

what type is oscillatoria

A

cyanobacteria

39
Q

what is gleocapsa

A

cyanobacteria

40
Q

what is anabaena

A

cyanobacteria

Bio 2 Lab (2 decks)

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