Exam 1 Flashcards
identify the statement that best describes the breaking of a bond
-the breaking of a bond requires energy, therefore this process would be considered exothermic
-the breaking of a bond releases energy, therefore this process would be considered exothermic
-the breaking of a bond requires energy, therefore this process would be considered endothermic
-the breaking of a bond releases energy, therefore this process would be considered endothermic
the breaking of a bond requires energy, therefore this process would be considered endothermic
catabolism occurs when molecules are ___. This process ____
degraded into smaller compounds, yields energy
Humans can maintain their body temperature despite being exposed to moderately high or low temperatures. This is an example of
the dynamic study state
which organelle is the primary site of waste processing (disposal and recycling?)
lysosome
in the central dogma of molecular biology, translation is when
mRNA is used as a template to make protein
as a protein folds spontaneously due to the hydrophobic effect, there is an overall___ in entropy of the system. ___ in entropy of the surroundings, and ___ in entropy of the universe
decrease, increase, increase
what best describes an open system
matter and energy are freely exchanged with the surroundings
which chemical property does NOT contribute to the standard free energy change of ATP hydrolysis to ADP and Pi
-increased stability of products
-additional resonance structures of products
-increased solubility of products
-decreased electrostatic repulsion of products
-all of these contribute
-all of these contribute
for a reaction with equilibrium constant (Keq) greater than 1, the reaction is considered ___ and favors the formation of ___
exergonic, products
for a reaction under non-standard conditions, identify how the concentrations of products and temperature could be adjusted to make a reaction MORE favorable
increase [reactants], decrease [products], increase temperature
a person’s metabolism adjusts to energy needs, when a person’s energy change is high, they will
carry out anabolic reactions, which require ATP to use
if the salt concentration in a cell is higher than the salt concentration in the solution surrounding it, the solution would be considered
hypotonic, causing sells to swell while trying to reach equilibrium
which of the following regarding membranes is FALSE
Membrane fluidity decreases with increasing temperature
increased concentrations of saturated lipids decrease membrane fluidity
flippases and floppases move lipids against their concentration gradient
flippases and floppases require the energy of ATP hydrolysis to function
all of these are true
which of the following is true about buffers?
a buffer is most resistant to changes in pH when HA=A-
the pH range of a buffering system is 0 to 14
A buffer is only resistant to changes in pH when acid is added
an effective buffer is made from a strong acid and strong base
a buffer is most resistant to changes in pH when HA=A-
what monomer formed and what type of bond used: amino acid
proteins
peptide bond
what monomer formed and what type of bond used: nucelotides
DNA/ RNA
phosphodiester bonds
what monomer formed and what type of bond used: carbs (sugar)
starch/ glycogen
glycosidic bonds
what monomer formed and what type of bond used: lipids
membranes
hydrophobic interactions
which of these statements best descibe anabolism
anabolism is when larger molecules are made from smaller ones, requiring an input of energy
