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CMS 372T > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Chronemics

A

Study of time as it is bound to human communication

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2
Q

Time as a cultural assumption

A

Deepest level of culture that contains taken-for-granted and institutionalized beliefs and values

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3
Q

Contemporary Zeitgeist

A

The spirits of the times: More-faster-better

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4
Q

Project Management Triangle

A

-Old engineering maxim
-Pick two: cheaper, faster, better

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5
Q

Fungible Time

A

Time units are exchangeable

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6
Q

Epochal Time

A

-Each time unit is unique and not exchangeable
-Signals a different “code” for our behavior which dictates our temporality

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7
Q

Objective Conception of time

A

-In the environment or biologically-driven
-Pacers that impact social and personal times
-Ex: semester

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8
Q

Subjective Conception of time

A

-Individual
-Personal idiosyncrasies (like or unlike one’s culture)

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9
Q

Intersubjective Conception of time

A

-Shared by a culture or group
-Created through interaction, communication
-The basis of chronemics

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10
Q

The relationship of pace to other dimensions of time

A

slow <—> fast

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11
Q

Pacers

A

Sleeping at night and waking at daylight (i.e., the diurnal cycle)

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12
Q

Exogenous pacers

A

The environment

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13
Q

Endogenous pacers

A

An entity

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14
Q

Zeitgeber pacers

A

Power

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15
Q

Speed of creation

A

-How quickly it is written
-140 characters

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16
Q

Frequency of circulation

A

-How quickly it is shared
-Rapidly

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17
Q

Wavelength of consumption

A

-How quickly it is read
-Constantly

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18
Q

Principles of Speed

A

-Speed is an addictive drug
-Speed leads to simplification
-Speed demands space
-Speed creates assembly line effects
-Speed leads to a loss of precision

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19
Q

Filling in all the gaps

A

The loss of un-accelerated time

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20
Q

Globalization

A

-Reduces importance of distance in speed
-Global telecommunication based on real time

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21
Q

Moore’s Law

A

The capacity (speed) of microprocessors doubles every 18 months

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22
Q

Slow Movement Principles

A

Calm, careful, receptive, still, intuitive, unhurried, patient, quality-over-quantity,
reflective

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23
Q

Tempo guisto

A

-Balance
-The right speed

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24
Q

Unhurried conversations

A

An accomplishment between a clinician and patient to make themselves available to the other in order to improve care

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25
Q

Future Time Focus

A

A focus on distant outcomes that have yet to occur

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26
Q

Temporal Depth

A

Distances into the past and future that individuals typically consider when contemplating events that have happened, may have happened, or may happen.

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27
Q

Temporal Focus

A

Degree of emphasis on the past, present, and future

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28
Q

Past Temporal Focus

A

A focus on the way things used to be: traditions vs. regret or being “stuck in the past”

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29
Q

Present Temporal Focus

A

A focus on the here and now: being in the “moment” vs. immediate gratification

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30
Q

Future Temporal Focus

A

A focus on distant outcomes: longterm thinking vs. destination addiction or worry/anxiety

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31
Q

Decision fatigue

A

Making lots of decisions w/o appropriate fuel and willpower is exhausted

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32
Q

Affective Forecasting

A

Predicting how you will feel in the future concerning valence, specific emotions, intensity, duration

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33
Q

Left brain functions

A

Past and Future; keeps you safe

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34
Q

Right brain functions

A

Present; keeps you connected/well

35
Q

Clock of the Long Now

A

10,000 Year Clock: hand advances every century; chimes once every 1,000 years

36
Q

Cathedral Thinking

A

Long-term goals that require decades of planning so future generations can enjoy their full realization

37
Q

Polychronicity

A

People prefer to be engaged in two or more tasks simultaneously

38
Q

Multitasking

A

Polychronicity (multiple task accomplishment) + Speed (Taylorism)

39
Q

Multitasking origin

A

In computer science: multiple parallel processing

40
Q

Multicommunicating

A

The use of technology to participate in several interactions at the same time

41
Q

Multicommunicating requires media that offers

A

Compartmentalization and flexibility of tempo

42
Q

Multicommunicating is intensifed by

A

Number of open conversations, pace, integration of social roles, and number of topics

43
Q

Task Switching

A

The juggling of interruptions (volitional or non-volitional)

44
Q

Budgeted Social Presence

A

From multicommunicating; doling out attention

45
Q

Entitled Social Presence

A

Demanding attention

46
Q

Competitive Social Presence

A

Fighting for attention

47
Q

Invitational Social Presence

A

Creating a partnership for mutual attention and dialogue

48
Q

Presenteeism

A

Showing up for work unable to engage due to illness
(technology has made this easier to do)

49
Q

Communication savoring

A

The capacity to enhance the positive experiences in one’s life

50
Q

Communication savoring types

A

-Aesthetic communication
-Communication presence
-Nonverbal communication
-Recognition and acknowledgement
-Relational communication
-Extraordinary communication
-Implicitly shared communication

51
Q

Time

A

-The various external markers that point toward work related activities or events
-Ex: clocks, schedules, appointments, deadlines, and calendared meetings

52
Q

Temporality

A

-The inherent patterns that define a process, activity, or event and saturate it with meaning and relevance
-Ex: Basic aspects of organizing, team development, member socialization, and structural dynamics like virtual teams and teleworking

53
Q

7 Enactments of Time

A

Pace, linearity, separation, flexibility, scheduling, punctuality, and delay

54
Q

Pace

A

Tempo or rate of activity

55
Q

Linearity

A

Actual task execution

56
Q

Separation

A

Measure of (spatiotemporal) connection among organizational members in time and space

57
Q

Flexibility

A

The degree of rigidity in time structuring and task completion plans

58
Q

Scheduling

A

Sequencing and duration of events are formalized

59
Q

Punctuality and delay

A

The exacting nature of timing and deadlines.

60
Q

5 construals of time

A

Urgency, scarcity, future time focus, past time focus, present time focus

61
Q

Urgency

A

Describes members’ preoccupation with deadlines
and task completion

62
Q

Scarcity

A

The construal of time as a limited and exhaustible resource

63
Q

Past time focus

A

To use previous events as a referent for today

64
Q

Present time focus

A

Concerned with unfolding, emergent contemporary events within a short time scale

65
Q

Temporal enactments vs. construals

A

-Enactments refer to the way people “perform” time
-Construals refer to the way people interpret time

66
Q

Entrainment

A

One cyclic process becomes disrupted by, and set to oscillate in tune with, another process

67
Q

Clock time

A

Time is viewed as a scarce resource and a high value is placed on carving it up into activities that run back-to-back

68
Q

Event time

A

Emphasis on letting events themselves drive activity rather than a clock, people are treated more important with a natural flow of events

69
Q

Karoshi

A

Death through overwork

70
Q

The cause of jet lag

A

When there is a temporary mismatch between our external environment and our internal biological clock

71
Q

Reification

A

The apprehension of human phenomena as if they were things in non-human or possible super human terms

72
Q

Reification and the social construction of time

A

The conventionality of a social institution such as the 7 day week is transformed into perceived inevitability

73
Q

Positivity Resonance

A

Sustainable positive energy resonating back-and-forth between people

74
Q

Taylorism

A

Science time management and a piece-rate system to increase production output among workers

75
Q

Relationship between the history of clock time and the MER mission

A

Part of the MER mission’s sociocultural and organizational infrastructure

76
Q

High frequency

A

Journalism

77
Q

Mid frequency

A

Academic and scholarly writing

78
Q

Low frequency

A

Public architecture

79
Q

Intensification

A

Piling on the pressure with more work and rigid curriculum

80
Q

Healthcare efficiency and quality of care

A

The contemporary incarceration of efficiency and how much of a desirable outcome can be obtained from each unit of resource spent means time is money

81
Q

Slow Science Manifesto

A

Science needs time to think, read, and fail

82
Q

Positive Organizational Scholarship

A

Focuses on the dynamics leading to exceptional individual and organizational performance

83
Q

Invitational Presence outside of the workplace

A

Creating a partnership with your audience by inviting them into your conversation and trying to understand their perspective while sharing yours

CMS 372T (3 decks)

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