Exam 1 Flashcards
What is health psychology?
Field developed to understand psychological influences on people, how people stay healthy, why they become ill and how they respond when they get ill
What is morbidity
having a specific illness or a condition
Example of morbidity
I have narcolepsy
What is mortality
the number of deaths related to a specific cause
Example of mortality
The rate at which people die of cardiovascular diseases
What is psychosomatic?
the mind influencing physical health
Example of psychosomatic
Getting a stomach ache when you feel nervous
What are incidence rates
the frequency of new cases during a given time
Example of incidence rates
Covid and new cases of people having it
What is etiology
origins or cause of illness, the focus is on behavioral and social causes
How did ancient greeks see health as
Humoral Theory of illness, disease resulted when for humors (circulating fluids) were out of balance
How did people in the middle ages see health as
Disease was a punishment from god
How did people during the renaissance see health
There was enhanced scientific knowledge and assessment on sick individuals
What is the biomedical model
the model assumes psychological/social processes are largely irrelevant to disease process (western idea)
What is the biopsychosocial model and what does it say about health
Health and illness are consequences of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors
Parts of the nervous system
Two branches- central and peripheral
What is in the central nervous system, and what does it do
The brain, and spinal cord. It controls involuntary movement
What is the peripheral nervous system, and what does it control
The somatic nervous system, this controls voluntary movement
What does the medulla do
regulates heart rate, blood pressure and respiration
what does the cerebellum control
coordinated voluntary muscle movement
what does the thalamus control
sensory information
what does the hypothalamus control
emotional functioning
what does the cerebral corext control
motor functioning
what does the limbic system do
it plays a role in stress and emotional response
what does the amygdala control
emotion/detection of threat
what does the hippocampus control
the detection of emotionally charged memories
What makes up the endocrine system
hypothalamus, pituitary glands, adrenal glands, thyroid glands, ovaries and testis
what are the parts of blood
plasma, platelets
What is the respiratory system
two parts, upper and lower. Above shoulders is upper and below shoulders is lower
what are the functions of the digestive system
digest food, small intestine breaks down proteins, large intestine stores food residue and helps reabsorb water
What does the immune system do
fights infections
What are B cells
immunity by the production and secretion of antibodies
What are T cells
kill invading organisms and infected cells
what is the leading cause of death
heart disease
what are health behaviors
undertaken by people to enhance or maintain their health
what are health habits
healthy behavior that is firmly established and performed automatically without awareness
what are the components of the Theory of Planned Behavior
attitudes toward the specific action, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control
be able to identify the main idea of Self-determination Theory
that it builds on the idea that people are actively motivated to pursue their goals
What are the two components of the Self-determination Theory
autonomous: free will and choice
Perceived competence: efficacy
what are the three cognitive-behavioral approaches to health
self monitoring, charting behavior, and stimulus control
what is the trans-theoretical model of behavior change
precontemplation: no intention to change behavior
contemplation: aware of the problem
preparation: intention to change develops
action: modify behavior
maintenance: work to prevent relapse
what consists of an aerobic exercise
high intensity, long duration and endurance exercise, should do at least 2.5-5 hours a week
what are the main causes of death in children and the elderly. how do you prevent them
falls and poisons
install safety catches and gates, place poison out of reach
why is diet important to health
it is a controllable factor for many leading causes of death, 1/3 of cancer deaths are related to unhealthy diet and insufficient physical activity
