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Psych 428 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Berthold was the first to do what?

A

Perform an endocrinology experiment

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2
Q

What is the relationship between hormones and behaviors?

A

They influence the likelihood that a behavior will occur (bidirectional)

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3
Q

What are the 4 ways we examine behaviors?

A

“How” or proximate questions
- mechanism
- development
“Why” or ultimate questions
- evolution
- function

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4
Q

What are the ethical considerations that we use when doing endocrinology research on animal models?

A
  • Replace: can the model system be done on a computer (anything besides an animal)
  • Reduce: structure the experiment in a way that will use the least number of animals possible
  • Refine: structure the experiment in a way that will least harm the animals (welfare)
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5
Q

Types of Manipulations

A
  • Ablation and Replacement
  • Pharmacological Techniques
  • Genetics
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6
Q

Types of Measurements

A
  • Quantities
  • Locations
  • Connections
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7
Q

Ablation and Replacement

A
  • not very refined
  • ablation: removal of a suspected source of hormone or the suspected target tissue
    Framework:
    1. Source/target removed
    2. Measure the behavior of interest to see the effect of ablation
    3. Replace/bring back online
    4. Observe behaviors to see effects of returning hormone/tissue
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8
Q

Pharmacological Manipulations

A
  • uses specific chemical agents to stimulate or inhibit endocrine function
  • Agonist: mimics the effects of the hormone
  • Antagonist: blocks the effect of the hormone
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9
Q

Genetic Manipulations

A
  • transgenic mice
  • gene silencing and activation
  • gene transfection
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10
Q

Genetic Manipulations

A
  • transgenic mice
  • gene silencing and activation
  • gene transfection
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11
Q

Quantities

A
  • RIA (Radioimmunoassay)
  • ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)
  • Blot Tests
  • Gene Expression
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12
Q

Location

A
  • Immunohistochemistry and Immunocytochemistry
  • Autoradiography
  • Brain Imaging
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13
Q

Connection

A
  • Tract Tracing
    -> can be anterograde or retrograde
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14
Q

Intracrine Mediation

A
  • intracrine substances regulate intracellular events
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15
Q

Autocrine Mediation

A
  • autocrine substances feed back to influence the same cells that secreted them
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16
Q

Paracrine Mediation

A

-Paracrine cells secrete chemicals that affect adjacent cells

17
Q

Endocrine Medication

A
  • endocrine cells secrete chemicals into the bloodstream, where they may travel to distant target cells

Psych 428 (3 decks)

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