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POLS 102 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

1
Q

High Politics:

A

About defense and security

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2
Q

Low politics:

A

More about economy, environment, health, and education

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3
Q

Government control:

A
  1. rule creation (legislative branch)
  2. rule execution
  3. rule adjudication (judicial branch)
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4
Q

Idealism:

A

a way of looking at the world in which the focus is on what we would like to do/what we would like the world to be

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5
Q

Realism:

A

what we must do or are able to do

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6
Q

Political theory:

A

a body of work aimed at developing knowledge about politics and political systems

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7
Q

Sophist:

A

Taught promising young men practical skills (like rhetoric)

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8
Q

Examples of Utopian thought?

A

Religions, myths, philosophies, ideologies, dogmas, and folklore

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9
Q

Idealist period:

A

The two decades between the world wars that were marked by the effort to envision a perfectly peaceful world

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10
Q

Epistemology:

A

Theory of the nature of knowledge

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11
Q

Classic liberalism:

A

Emphasizes the belief that people should be generally free from governmental restraints and interference

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12
Q

Libertarianism:

A

Believes government should provide military protection, police force, and infrastructure but do little more.

Closest to classic liberalism

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13
Q

Classic conservatism:

A

Existing norms and processes have evolved into highly efficient and effective institutions

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14
Q

Communism:

A

A classless society in which justice and fairness would prevail

Inspiring thinker: Karl Marx

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15
Q

Imperialism:

A

The exploitation and colonization of countries by advanced capitalist countries

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16
Q

Democratic socialism:

A

Modifying capitalism for a kinder society

Characterized by social, political, and economic equality obtained through political action

Key advocate: Eduard Bernstein (1880-1932)

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17
Q

Reform liberalism:

A

A little government interference is a good thing

Government should regulate the economy and remove inherent inequities

Remove obstacles that prevent people from pursuing their individual goals

Key advocate: Thomas Hill Green

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18
Q

Fascism:

A

Argues for the supremacy and purity of one group of people in society

Believe in strong military rule headed by a dictator that exercises total control

“We’re the best; destroy the rest!”

No key thinker

Disliked democracy

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19
Q

Experiential reality:

A

Things we directly experience

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20
Q

Agreement reality

A

Things we believe are real even if we never directly experience them

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21
Q

Anarchy

A

The absence of any kind of overarching authority or hierarchy

22
Q

Hierarchy

A

A societal structure that elevates someone or some group to a position of authority over others

23
Q

Alliances

A

An agreement between groups or individuals to join resources and abilities for a purpose that individually benefits members of the alliance

24
Q

Collective action

A

Coordinated group activity designed to achieve a common goal that individuals cannot attain

25
Q

State security

A

Protection of borders and government structures from outside threats

26
Q

Regime security

A

The leaders ability to hold their own power

27
Q

Individual security

A

Focused on the continued safety of the individual

28
Q

Power

A

The ability to get something done

29
Q

Political capital

A

An individuals reserve of power that can be called upon to achieve political goals

30
Q

Authority

A

Where knowledge, natural ability or experience makes it rational for people to choose to place themselves in a subordinate position to others

31
Q

Anarchists

A

Ideologues who long for lack of hierarchy

32
Q

Libertarianism

A

Argues for liberty from government control

Largely imposes laws that limit personal freedoms

33
Q

Environmentalism

A

Guided by a concern for the physical environment

Argues we must restructure the economy to achieve environmental goals

34
Q

Collective security

A

Enhancing your security through alliances and agreements to push back against a common threat

35
Q

NATO Article 5

A

“An attack on one member is considered an attack on all”

36
Q

Symbionese Liberation Army

A

An anarchist group in the US during the 1970s

Famous for robbing banks, killing politicians, and the kidnapping of patty hearst

37
Q

Group identity

A

The degree to which members identify with a group and identify who is not part of the group

38
Q

Alliance formation

A

Creating a balance of power

39
Q

Group identification

A

Fuzzy at the edges with overlapping identities

40
Q

Social capital

A

Measures your associational involvement in your nation and community

41
Q

Political socialization

A

The process of shaping each persons own political culture

42
Q

Revolutions

A

Political opportunities to replace the government in power

43
Q

Peer policing

A

Using citizens to inform on one another with strict penalties with those who don’t come around

44
Q

Preference falsification

A

It is illegal to express your opposing opinions/views to the government

45
Q

Democratic accountability

A

Means you must accomplish something in response to popular will to stay in power

46
Q

Tragedy of the commons

A

A problem that demonstrates how the rational choices of individuals collide with the needs or interests of the larger community

47
Q

Enlightened self

A

The idea that people will restrain their self interest in recognition of the need to preserve a common resource

48
Q

Socialism

A

Society controls most of the means of production

49
Q

Political structures

A

The vague terms we use to describe the branches of government

4th branch technically the bureaucracy

50
Q

Political institutions

A

Structures specific to individual countries

Organizational structures through which power is exercised

POLS 102 (2 decks)

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