Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychology Research Methods > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Replicability

A

The studies can be replicated, finding the same thing, showing reliability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Empirical methods

A

Collecting evidence through observation and experience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Objectivity

A

Reducing bias so the results are not influenced or distorted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Falsifiabiliyy

A

A theory is scientific if it can be either proved correct or proved incorrect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Theory construction

A

Creating a principle or set of laws to explain events or behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hypothesis testing

A

Making a prediction on a theory and testing it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Paradigm

A

A set of assumptions and methods within a science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Null hypothesis

A

The statement of no difference, correlation association between variables bearing studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Reliability

A

The quality of being trustworthy, dependable or consistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Validity

A

The extent to which something is true or real

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Internal validity

A

How a study was conducted to create a correlation between the actions of the study and the outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

External validity

A

How the outcome of a study can apply in other settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Learning theory

A

A set of theories from the behaviouristic approach that emphasises learning in the acquisition of behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Learning to associate two stimuli with each other, so that we respond the same way to one as we do the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning from consequences of behaviour. Behaviour s reinforced by its consequences. If negative behaviour shown, punishment will reduce the chance of the behaviour reocurring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Experiment

A

Involves manipulating the IV to record the effect on the DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aim

A

a general statement of what the researcher intends to investigate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Independent variable

A

An aspect of the experiment that is changed by the researcher or changes naturally so the effect on the DV can be measured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dependent variable

A

The variable that is measured by the researcher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hypothesis

A

A clear testable statement stating the relationship between the variable to be investigated

21
Q

Operationalisation

A

Clearing defining variable in terms of how they are measured

22
Q

Non-directional hypothesis

A

Does not state the direction of the difference

23
Q

Directional hypothesis

A

States the direction of the difference

24
Q

Correlations

A

When you can’t manipulate an IV to change the DV, instead you are investigating a correlation

25
Q

Extraneous variable

A

Any variable, other than the independent variable, that may affect the dependent variable if its not controlled

26
Q

Confounding variable

A

En EV where a confounding variable varies systematically with the IV. Therefore we can’t tell if any change in DV is due to the IV or the confounding variable

27
Q

Demand characteristics

A

Any cue from the researcher or from the research situation that may be interpreted by participants as revealing the purpose of an investigation

28
Q

Investigator effects

A

Any effect of the investigators behaviour on the research outcome

29
Q

Randomisation

A

Used to minimise the effects of some extraneous variables

30
Q

Attrition

A

When people drop of a study

31
Q

Standardisation

A

Using exactly the same formalised procedures and instructions for all participants in area search study

32
Q

Randomisation

A

The use of chance methods to control for the effects of bias when designing materials and deciding the order of experimental conditions

33
Q

Counter balancing

A

An attempt to contro the effects of order in repeated measures design

Half the participants experience the conditions in one order, and the other half in the opposite order

34
Q

Random allocation

A

An attempt to control variable in an independent groups design which ensures that each participant has the same chance of being in one condition as any other

35
Q

Matched pairs design

A

Pairs of participants matched on some variable that may effect the dependent variable.
Then, one member from each pair is assigned to a different condition from the experiment

36
Q

What does matched pairs attempt to do?

A

Control the confounding variable of participant variables

37
Q

Repeated measures

A

All participants take part in all conditions of the experiment

38
Q

Experimental design

A

The different ways the participants can be organised in relation to the experimental conditions

39
Q

Independent groups

A

Participant are allocated to different groups where each group represents one experimental condition

40
Q

Lab experiment

A

An experiment that takes place in a controlled environment where the researcher manipulates the ic and record the effect on the DV

41
Q

Field experiment

A

An experiment that takes place in a natural setting where the researcher manipulates the IV and records the effect it has on the DV

42
Q

Natural experiment

A

An experiment where the changes in the IV is not set by the researcher, and would happen even without the researcher. They record the effects of the DV

43
Q

Quasi-experiment

A

A study that is almost an experiment but the IV

44
Q

What are the strengths of laboratory experiments?

A

High control over confounding and extraneous variables so the researchers can be sure that the IV caused the effect on the DV
Because of the high level of control lab experiments on more replicable than other experiments

45
Q

What are the limitations of lab experiments

A

The lack generalisability, And are artificial also have low external validity

Participants may show a natural behaviour when they know they’re being tested

the tasks carried out like mundane realism

46
Q

What are the strengths of field experiments?

A

Hi mundane realism therefore higher external validity

47
Q

What are the limitations of field experiments

A

Less control of CVs and EVs

there are ethical issues if participants do not know they’re being studied because they cannot consent and the study would be an invasion of privacy

48
Q

What are the strengths of natural experiments

A

High external validity

49
Q

What are the limitations of natural experiments

A

Naturally occurring events may only happen rarely reducing research opportunities and limiting generalisation

Psychology Research Methods (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions