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Clin med 1 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

why should you never touch a pt untill a visual acuity is documented?

A

need to establish a base line, (unless a toxin is in the eye, then irrigate emdiatly.

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2
Q

VVEEPP

A 
visual acuity
visual fields
external exam
extra-ocular movements
pupillary exam(PERRLA)
pressure
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3
Q

what measures eye pressure?

A

tono- pen

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4
Q

what tool would you use to view the anterior segment of the eye?

A

slit lamp

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5
Q

Fundoscopic exams look at what part of the eye?

A

posterior segment

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6
Q

fluorescein staining and wood lamps are used when?

A

foreign body and corneal exam

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7
Q

anterior segment of the eye includes what?

A

from 1/3 of eye, structures infront of viterous humor: cornea, iris, ciliary body and lens

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8
Q

posterior segment of the eye includes what?

A

back 2/3 of eye

vitreous humor, retina, choroid and optic nerve

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9
Q

what is functional loss of vision?

A

no organic cause for pt loss, “iin your head”

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10
Q

fractures in the medial wall effect what muscle and cast what gaze?

A

medial rectus muscle, lateral gaze

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11
Q

fractures of the orbital floor effect what muscle and cast what gaze?

A

inferior rectus muscle, upward gaze

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12
Q

tears come from what gland?

A

lactimal gland, watery portion of tear

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13
Q

tears drain into?

A

upper puncta and lower puncta. then into canaliculus

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14
Q

anterior segment of the eye includes?

A 
conjunctiva
cornea
anterior chamber
iris
posterior chamber
lens
ciliary body
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15
Q

posterior segment of the eye includes?

A

vitreous humor
retina
optic nerve
macula

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16
Q

periorbital structures

A

lids
lashes
canalicular system
EOM

17
Q

one you lose vitreous ____ its gone

A

humor

18
Q

sclera

A

white of eye, fibrous outer layer covers all of the eyball except part covered by cornea. all 6 EOM attach to sclera

19
Q

the SO attaches to ?

A

sphenoid

20
Q

IO attached at ___,___lateral surface of scleral and ____ and ____

A

posterior and inferior

elevates and abducts

21
Q

SO attached to _____ medial surface of sclera. has a ___ it depresses and ____

A

superior, pully, abducts(walking down the stairs)

22
Q

Iris

A

eye color, controls diameter and size of pupil and amount of light reaching the retina

23
Q

pupil

A

dilates and constricts to allow light

24
Q

name of the dilator muscle in pupil?

A

diolater pupaliae SNS

25
Q

name of the constricter muscle?

A

sphincter pupilae PSNS

26
Q

cornea

A

transparent portion over iris and pupil, helps transfer and focus light on retina

27
Q

Corneal refex arch

A

sensory bibers are carried with CN5, lands at CN5 nucei then crosses over to CN7 PSNS allow you to blink

28
Q

aqueous humor

A

flows through the pupil and fills the anterior chamber, produced by ciliary body via diffusion and active transport of plasma, reabsorbed by trabeculae in canal of schlemm

29
Q

vitreous chamber

A

also called the posterior segment of the eye. space between the lens and retina, filled with clear gelatinous material

30
Q

retina

A

thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye and contains photorecetors and blood vessels

31
Q

cones

A

responsible for, sharp, detailed cental vision and colored vision

32
Q

rods

A

night and peripheral vision

33
Q

do we have more cones or rods?

A

rods

34
Q

Macula

A

oval shaped yellowish area near center of retina, contains millions of photoreceptors(cones), most sensitive part of retina

35
Q

choroid

A

thin vascular layer between retina and sclera

36
Q

optic disk

A

optic nerve fibers/ blood vessels leave the eyeball

37
Q

fovea

A

center of macula, thin rod free portion of the retina where cones are densly packed

38
Q

what is the cup to disk ration?

A

should not exceed 0.5 or 1:2

Clin med 1 (2 decks)

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