Ex vivo studies, arthroscopy

Question 1

Scheuermann VCOT 2021

Cadaveric study
IOHC created, axially loaded to failure

Answer 1

IOHC weakens humeral condyle and may predispose to HCF

Suggests prophylactic tx of incidental IOHC may be beneficial

Question 2

Crehuet VS 2021

Cadaveric study

4.5mm Transcondylar lag vs position screw
Axially loaded until failure

Answer 2

Both lag and positional screws exceed physiological loads

Mechanical properties improved with positional rather than lag

Question 3

Chris Tan VCOT 2023

Ovine cadavers
Lag screw vs positional screw, tightened to 1.8Nm

Answer 3

Lag screws generate greater force of compression and are of compression, vs positional

(Lag screw may lower incidence of SSI - Hattersley VS 2011)

Question 4

Raleigh VS 2021

Cadaveric study lateral HCF
3.5 interlocking thread screw (compact flute drill bit) vs 3.5 buttress thread screw (standard flute drill bit)
Lag vs positional

Axially loaded to failure

Answer 4

Interlocking thread screws can be used

No mechanical advantage for positional or lag screw

Question 5

Castaldo VCOT 2021

Cadaveric study
2cm ostectomy proximal to supratrochlear foramen

Double plate (DCP and SOP) vs ESF tie-in IM pin

Axially loaded to failure

Answer 5

Double plating stronger than ESF-IM pin in load to failure

Both suitable for comminuted supracondylar #

Question 6

Quinn VS 2021

Lateral HCF model
AdhFix vs pin vs plating

Axially loaded to failure

Answer 6

AdhFix superior to k wires, comparable to plate

AdhFix avoids need for contouring