Condylar fractures Flashcards
Morgan VCOT 2008
Lateral HCF in dogs
30% complication rate
Every 10deg increase in angle bwt transcondyalr screw and line between epicondylaes led to 4x greater odds of intracondylar gap - higher risk of long term failure
Perry VS 2015
135 lateral HCF in dogs
K wire, supracondylar screw, lateral epicondylar plate
Major complications sig more common with k-wire (28%) vs plate (11%) - 3x
Moffatt VCOT 2019
Retrospective 18 dogs
12 simple #, 6 comminuted
LCP allows for hybrid fixation and monocortical screw distally
Articular step defect <1mm in most
2 complications (SSI, implant failure)
Ldo VS 2020
Retrospective 29 Y-T fractures
2 LCPs + transcondylar screw
95% success
7% major complications - risk factors not found
Villamil VS 2020
Retrospective 112 dogs
Impact of breed on HCF config, sx mx and outcome
84% success
Epicondylar plate lower complication vs k wire
ML screws lower complication
Frenchies 6x more likely to have medial HCF
No difference lag vs positional screw
Eayrs VCOT 2021
Retrospective
31 lateral HCF
Transcondylar screw + SOP / LC-DCP / LCP
10% major complication
77% good outcome despite incomplete/nonunion of intracondylar # at 6-8w postop rads
Anderson VS 2023
Retrospective
44 HCFs in Frenchies
Transcondylar screw + k wire 7x more likely to have major complications
-All cases of screw migration were in this group
60% contralateral HIF
Motta JAAHA 2022
17 Y-T fractures
PAX straight and recon plates
76% good-excellent outcome
60% radiographic union
Walton JSAP 2020
Retrospective
HIRS screw (Ti) for HIF and HCF
Stepped drill bit creates 5.9mm void around 3mm central section of screw - removes sclerotic bone, allowing void to be packed with DBM in CaP nanopaste
Designed to place ML
“Bone-opacity continuity index” in F/U scan
HIF: 3% screw loosening, 3% SSI
HCF: 14% SSI requiring rv
HIRS a/w low complication rate, potentially lower SSI rates
Walton Frontiers 2024
HIRS + LEAP
Long term outcome, LOAD
97% full fx
Jones VCOT 2024
LEAP for Frenchie HCF or Y/T fractures
33% major comp
60% condylar union, 100% epicondylar union
71% HCF 38% Y/T # not lame, rest mild lame
Kvale JSAP 2022
Retrospective
45 HCFs in immature Frenchies
Transcondylar screw + LCP
9% major complication
78% excellent short term outcome
63% excellent long term outcome via phone
On bone grafting / promoting healing
Fitzpatrick VS 2009: bone graft promotes healing between condyles
Butterworth JSAP 2001: screws + transcondylar bone tunnels promote vascular ingrowth
Coggeshall VS 2014: fenestrated tubular screw allows for graft placement
