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VERTEBRAL SUBLUXATION THEORIES > EX 2 > Flashcards

EX 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which section of the vertebral artery is highly elastic due to majority of accommodating the movements of the neck and arms?

A. Pars prevertebralis
B. Pars subarachnoidialis
C. Pars transversaria
D. Pars axoatlantis

A

A. Pars prevertebralis

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2
Q

The cerebral dysfunction theory is based upon which physiologic effect of subluxation?

A. Increased norepinephrine increases pain sensitivity
B. Decreased pressure in the vertebral arteries decreases perfusion in cerebral capillaries
C. Subluxation induced stress interferes with normal immune response
D. Lack of growth hormone leads to cumulative macro trauma injury

A

B. Decreased pressure in the vertebral arteries decreases perfusion in cerebral capillaries

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3
Q

Which of these predominates during resistance phase of Cerebral Adaptation Syndrome?

A. Norepinephrine
B. Epinephrine
C. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
D. Vasopressin

A

merp

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4
Q

The term “tone” as described by D.D. Palmer relates to __________

A. Resting level of activity of the involved system
B. Status of the immune response
C. Flow of CSF
D. The release of pituitary hormones

A

A. Resting level of activity of the involved system

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5
Q

What is the diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia?

A. Low blood cortisol
B. Elevated TSH
C. Decreased epinephrine
D. Tenderness of specific joints

A

D. Tenderness of specific joints

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6
Q

What is the body’s compensation for category III subluxation in the SOT system?

A. Lateral sway
B. Antalgic lean
C. Anterior to posterior sway
D. Trapezius fibre tenderness

A

B. Antalgic lean

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7
Q

Contraction and relaxation of the reciprocal tension membrane is referred to as _______

A. Pulmonary respiration
B. Sutherland membrane
C. The cranial rhythmic impulse
D. Cerebrospinal dystonia

A

C. The cranial rhythmic impulse

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8
Q

Which of these is an example of macro circulation ischemic model of subluxation?

A. Nerve traction/ compression
B. CSF Alteration
C. Vertebral artery insufficiency
D. Neuroimmunomodulation

A

C. Vertebral artery insufficiency

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9
Q

Which cranial bone articulates with all other bones?

A. Ethmoid
B. Vomer
C. Sphenoid
D. Occiput

A

C. Sphenoid

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10
Q

Which vertebral artery insufficiency condition results in transient lateral medullary syndrome symptoms due to excessive use of their arms?

A. Subclavian steal syndrome
B. Wallenberg syndrome
C. Bow hunter’s stroke
D. Locked in syndrome

A

B. Wallenberg syndrome

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11
Q

Which section of the vertebral artery travels through the transverse foramina of C6-C2?

A. Pars prevertebralis
B. Pars subarachnoidialis
C. Pars transversaria
D. Pars axoatlantis

A

C. Pars transversaria

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12
Q

Which of these constitutes the reciprocal system?

A

Falx cerebri & Tentorium cerebelli

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13
Q

Category I blocking procedures are by which effect?

A

Directed releasing fixation of the Anterior SI joint

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14
Q

What is the cause of pressure changes resulting inhalation…

A

Reduction of AP spinal curve

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15
Q

Which of these subluxation theories incorporates the connection between the endocrine, nervous and (immune) system

A

Neuroimmunomodulation hypothesis

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16
Q

Which of these predominates in the alarm phase of general adaptation syndrome

A

Norep and ep

17
Q

Loss of ability to depolarize membrane and —- is a sign of which phase of general adaptation

A

Exhaustion phase

18
Q

Which radiographic finding develops as a result of vertebral artery occlusion

A. enlargement of the transverse foramina
B. uncinate joint arthrosis
C. Increased atlantodental interspace
D. cervical spondylo…

A

merp

19
Q

Which of these describes a Bow Hunters Stroke?

A

Transient ischemic attack upon head rotation

20
Q

Which of these is a function of cerebrospinal fluid

A

Maitenance of pressure

21
Q

Category 2 blocking procedures are meant to have which effect?

A

Restoration of fibrous sacroiliac alignment and weight bearing activity

22
Q

A _______ suture allows cranial bones to overlap, while a _____ suture allows for expansion and compression

A

Squamosal, Serrated

23
Q

Which nervous system structures has the profound effect on the immune system?

A

Hypothalamus??

24
Q

Left cervical rotation has which effect on the vertebral artery?

A

Traction and compress the right vertebral artery

25
Q

Category I of the SOT system refers to ____ dysfunction

A

Synovial SI joint and dura mater

26
Q

Which subluxation theory may be involved in a patient suffering from autoimmune or inflammatory process?

A

Neuroimmunomodulation

27
Q

Which of these describes a category III SOT subluxation?

A

Lumbar disc tension

28
Q

Which section of the vertebral artery begins at the atlas and continues until both unite to form the basilar artery?

A

Pars subarachnoidialis

29
Q

Which of these occurs in the exhalation phase of craniosacral respiration?

A

Restoration of spinal curvature (ventricles empty during exhalation)

30
Q

How does a subluxation lead to limbic system malfunction?

A

Chronic nociception affects the reticular formation, influencing moods

31
Q

What is the purpose of using SOT blocks?

A

Less force on already injured SI joint

32
Q

Which layer of the vertebral artery is most likely to be injured resulting in dissection?

A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica substantive
D. Tunica externa

A

Tunica intima

33
Q

Why is it believed that the hormones utilized during the general adaption syndrome act the way they do on the immune system?

A. The hormones balance activation to protect against autoimmunity
B. The hormones all activate the immune system to protect from opportunistic infection
C. The hormones suppress the immune system to utilize body resources elsewhere
D. The hormones act specifically to raise immune response tied to stress

A

C. The hormones suppress the immune system to utilize body resources elsewhere

34
Q

Which of these is a result of decreased perfusion of blood into the brainstem?

A. Ischemic penumbra
B. Hyporeflexia
C. Somnolence
D. Dysautonomia

A

A. Ischemic penumbra

35
Q

Which of these is a sign of vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency?

A. Insomnia
B. Dizziness upon head rotation
C. Hyperosmia
D. Hypertension

A

D. Dizziness upon head rotation

36
Q

Which vertebral artery insufficiency condition results in transient lateral medullary syndrome symptoms due to excessive use of the arms?

A

Subclav or Wall??

37
Q

As presented in class which of the following leads to fibromyalgia?

A. Sleep disturbances
B. Sympathetic suppression
C. Muscular injury
D. mechanoreceptive overload

A

A. Sleep disturbances

VERTEBRAL SUBLUXATION THEORIES (2 decks)

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