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Tox > Ex 1 > Flashcards

Ex 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Organochlorines facts

A

lipophillic, bioAC/MG, “cat drop” EHR, persistant

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2
Q

Organocholirines MOA

A

DDT- keep Na+ channels open

alicyclics- -GABA

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3
Q

Organocholines CS

A

CNS stimulation +++

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4
Q

Common organocholirines

A

DDT, methoxychlor, lindane/endosulfan (still used)

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5
Q

Organochlorine specific tx

A

ILE & IFE

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6
Q

OP facts

A

no persistant, storage activation, enzyme induction, receptor down reg, lipophillic

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7
Q

Common OP

A

OP- bio active

TOP- lethal synthesis (paraoxonase elim)

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8
Q

OP MOA

A

*irreversible - cholinestraces : muscarinic, nicotinic, CNS BBB

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9
Q

OP dx

A

-atropine test,

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10
Q

OP specific t

A

oximes and 2-pam

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11
Q

Carbomates facts

A

not persistant, fast and short

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12
Q

carbomates moa

A

reversible/competitive -ACH

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13
Q

carbomates CS

A

SLUD, bronchoconstriction/secretions–> edema –> death

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14
Q

carbomates dx

A

false - in blood bc rapid

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15
Q

carbomates tx

A

atropine

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16
Q

common carbomates

A

Stigmines, carbarly*, aldicarb-toxic

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17
Q

Napthalene facts

A

lipid sol, milk/placenta, acid stomach delays absorption

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18
Q

napthalene moa

A

oxidative metabolites= methemoglobinemia and hemolysis

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19
Q

napthalene specific tx

A

ascorbic acid, +/- methylene blue 1%

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20
Q

common napthalenes

A 
nap= toxic, flamm
paradicholibenzene= less toxic
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21
Q

Organocholirines MOA

A

DDT- keep Na+ channels open

alicyclics- -GABA

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22
Q

Organocholines CS

A

CNS stimulation +++

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23
Q

Common organocholirines

A

DDT, methoxychlor, lindane/endosulfan (still used)

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24
Q

Organochlorine specific tx

A

ILE & IFE

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25
Q

OP facts

A

no persistant, storage activation, enzyme induction, receptor down reg, lipophillic

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26
Q

Common OP

A

OP- bio active

TOP- lethal synthesis (paraoxonase elim)

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27
Q

OP MOA

A

*irreversible - cholinestraces : muscarinic, nicotinic, CNS BBB

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28
Q

OP dx

A
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29
Q

OP specific t

A

oximes and 2-pam

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30
Q

Carbomates facts

A

not persistant, fast and short

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31
Q

carbomates moa

A

reversible/competitive -ACH

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32
Q

carbomates CS

A

SLUD, bronchoconstriction/secretions–> edema –> death

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33
Q

carbomates dx

A

false - in blood bc rapid

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34
Q

carbomates tx

A

atropine

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35
Q

common carbomates

A

Stigmines, carbarly*, aldicarb-toxic

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36
Q

Napthalene facts

A

lipid sol, milk/placenta, acid stomach delays absorption

37
Q

napthalene moa

A

oxidative metabolites= methemoglobinemia and hemolysis

38
Q

napthalene specific tx

A

ascorbic acid, +/- methylene blue 1%

39
Q

common napthalenes

A 
nap= toxic, flamm
paradicholibenzene= less toxic
40
Q

Nicotine facts

A

increase secretion with acidic urine

41
Q

nicotine specific tx

A

atropine

42
Q

nicotine MOA

A

+PSNS, CRTZ, cholingergic agonist

43
Q

nictoine CS

A 
early= ataxia, hypersal, brady, V, tremor
late= tachy, CNS-, vasoD
44
Q

Neonic facts

A

most widely used pesticide, kills butterflies and bees, water slow, persistant, degraded in light

45
Q

neonic moa

A

irreversible nicotinic Ach binding

46
Q

rotenone facts

A

degraded in warm air/light, only neurotoxic to cold bloods, lipophillic, inhaled

47
Q

rotenone moa

A

blocks oxidative phos

48
Q

rotenone cs

A

conjunct/dermatitis, CNS+, GI irratant, lethargy, asphyxia, liver

49
Q

ivermectine facts

A

dogs and birds, oral >sq

50
Q

ivermectin moad

A

GABA+

51
Q

ivermectin CS

A

CNS- ++++++

52
Q

ivermectin tx

A

physostigmine, flumanzenil, iv lipids

53
Q

anticoag rodenticides tk

A

plasma protein bound, placenta/milk, high liver concentrations (hydroxylation)

54
Q

common anticoag rodents

A

1st gen: warfarin, pidone, chlorphinone = chronic
intermediate: diphacinone
2nd gen: brodifacoum, bromodinone= acute

55
Q

anticoag rodent moa

A

vit k epoxide reductase -

56
Q

what decreases anticoag rodent toxicity

A

pregnancy and enzyme inducers

57
Q

anticoag rodent cs

A

1-5d PI= hemor, abortion, 2ndary b acterial pneumonina

58
Q

anticoag rodents tx

A

vit k1 po/sq with fatty meal

59
Q

Pyrethrins moa

A

delay Na+ channel closing “knockdown effect”

high doses = - GABA and ATPase

60
Q

Pyrethrins dx

A

liver/brain

61
Q

Pyrethrins tx

A

2 pam

62
Q

Pyrethrins CS

A

generalized muscle tremors & “acute paralysis”

63
Q

Pyrethrins facts

A

very toxic to fish/birds, lipid sol, MGJ264

64
Q

Deet dx

A

20ppm = diagnostic

65
Q

Deet CS

A

Rodents: depressed/excited, ataxia, tremors, seizure, coma

Dogs/cats: hyper sal, V, hyperexcited, tremors, ataxia, seizures, coma

66
Q

Amitraz facts

A

paralyzes mouth parts of ticks/mites, not ofr cats/horses

67
Q

amitraz moa

A

alpha 2 adrenergic agonists

68
Q

amitraz XS

A

transient sedation 1-3 days

69
Q

Cholcalciferol facts

A

lipophillic, cats more susceptible, EHC, excreted in bile/feces

70
Q

Cholcalciferol CS

A

hematemesis, melana +++

71
Q

Cholcalciferol lesions

A

hem gastroenteritis and mineralization

72
Q

Cholcalciferol tx

A

glucocorts, furosemide, biphosphates

73
Q

Bromethalin facts

A

GUP, lethal syn, EHC, GP resistant

74
Q

Bromethalin

A

uncoupling of ox phos and lipid peroxidation

75
Q

Bromethalin lesions

A

cerebral edema, white matter vacuoloes

76
Q

Strychnine facts

A

RUP, persistant, dogs more sensitive, EHR, crosses BBB, V and food in stomach decrease toxicity

77
Q

Strychnine MOA

A

blocks post synaptic affect oh glycine in SC

78
Q

Strychnine CS

A

sardonic grin, opisthotonus

79
Q

Zinc phosphate facts

A

RUP, tracked into bird food by rats, garlic and fish odor, GI corosive, acid enhances toxicity

80
Q

Zinc phosphate

A

inhibit ox phos

81
Q

Zinc phosphate

A

gastroenteritis, KLL congestion

82
Q

Fluoracetate facts

A

anti coyote, relay tox

83
Q

Fluoracetate moa

A

competes with citrates in TCA

84
Q

Fluoracetate cs

A 
Dogs= cns+ and GI
horses/LS= heart
cats/pigs= cns and
85
Q

Methaldehyde facts

A

RUP, more toxic if inhaled, enzyme inducers decrease toxicity, EHR

86
Q

Methaldehyde moa

A
  • GABA, increase MOA
87
Q

Methaldehyde cs

A

shake and bake, liver failure if survive dogs

88
Q

Methaldehyde tx

A

enema with tepid h20, xylazine/ace

Tox (2 decks)

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