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Tox > Ex 1 > Flashcards

Ex 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Organochlorines facts

A

lipophillic, bioAC/MG, “cat drop” EHR, persistant

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2
Q

Organocholirines MOA

A

DDT- keep Na+ channels open

alicyclics- -GABA

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3
Q

Organocholines CS

A

CNS stimulation +++

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4
Q

Common organocholirines

A

DDT, methoxychlor, lindane/endosulfan (still used)

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5
Q

Organochlorine specific tx

A

ILE & IFE

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6
Q

OP facts

A

no persistant, storage activation, enzyme induction, receptor down reg, lipophillic

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7
Q

Common OP

A

OP- bio active

TOP- lethal synthesis (paraoxonase elim)

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8
Q

OP MOA

A

*irreversible - cholinestraces : muscarinic, nicotinic, CNS BBB

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9
Q

OP dx

A

-atropine test,

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10
Q

OP specific t

A

oximes and 2-pam

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11
Q

Carbomates facts

A

not persistant, fast and short

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12
Q

carbomates moa

A

reversible/competitive -ACH

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13
Q

carbomates CS

A

SLUD, bronchoconstriction/secretions–> edema –> death

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14
Q

carbomates dx

A

false - in blood bc rapid

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15
Q

carbomates tx

A

atropine

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16
Q

common carbomates

A

Stigmines, carbarly*, aldicarb-toxic

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17
Q

Napthalene facts

A

lipid sol, milk/placenta, acid stomach delays absorption

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18
Q

napthalene moa

A

oxidative metabolites= methemoglobinemia and hemolysis

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19
Q

napthalene specific tx

A

ascorbic acid, +/- methylene blue 1%

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20
Q

common napthalenes

A 
nap= toxic, flamm
paradicholibenzene= less toxic
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21
Q

Organocholirines MOA

A

DDT- keep Na+ channels open

alicyclics- -GABA

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22
Q

Organocholines CS

A

CNS stimulation +++

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23
Q

Common organocholirines

A

DDT, methoxychlor, lindane/endosulfan (still used)

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24
Q

Organochlorine specific tx

A

ILE & IFE

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25
OP facts
no persistant, storage activation, enzyme induction, receptor down reg, lipophillic
26
Common OP
OP- bio active | TOP- lethal synthesis (paraoxonase elim)
27
OP MOA
*irreversible - cholinestraces : muscarinic, nicotinic, CNS BBB
28
OP dx
29
OP specific t
oximes and 2-pam
30
Carbomates facts
not persistant, fast and short
31
carbomates moa
reversible/competitive -ACH
32
carbomates CS
SLUD, bronchoconstriction/secretions--> edema --> death
33
carbomates dx
false - in blood bc rapid
34
carbomates tx
atropine
35
common carbomates
Stigmines, carbarly*, aldicarb-toxic
36
Napthalene facts
lipid sol, milk/placenta, acid stomach delays absorption
37
napthalene moa
oxidative metabolites= methemoglobinemia and hemolysis
38
napthalene specific tx
ascorbic acid, +/- methylene blue 1%
39
common napthalenes
``` nap= toxic, flamm paradicholibenzene= less toxic ```
40
Nicotine facts
increase secretion with acidic urine
41
nicotine specific tx
atropine
42
nicotine MOA
+PSNS, CRTZ, cholingergic agonist
43
nictoine CS
``` early= ataxia, hypersal, brady, V, tremor late= tachy, CNS-, vasoD ```
44
Neonic facts
most widely used pesticide, kills butterflies and bees, water slow, persistant, degraded in light
45
neonic moa
irreversible nicotinic Ach binding
46
rotenone facts
degraded in warm air/light, only neurotoxic to cold bloods, lipophillic, inhaled
47
rotenone moa
blocks oxidative phos
48
rotenone cs
conjunct/dermatitis, CNS+, GI irratant, lethargy, asphyxia, liver
49
ivermectine facts
dogs and birds, oral >sq
50
ivermectin moad
GABA+
51
ivermectin CS
CNS- ++++++
52
ivermectin tx
physostigmine, flumanzenil, iv lipids
53
anticoag rodenticides tk
plasma protein bound, placenta/milk, high liver concentrations (hydroxylation)
54
common anticoag rodents
1st gen: warfarin, pidone, chlorphinone = chronic intermediate: diphacinone 2nd gen: brodifacoum, bromodinone= acute
55
anticoag rodent moa
vit k epoxide reductase -
56
what decreases anticoag rodent toxicity
pregnancy and enzyme inducers
57
anticoag rodent cs
1-5d PI= hemor, abortion, 2ndary b acterial pneumonina
58
anticoag rodents tx
vit k1 po/sq with fatty meal
59
Pyrethrins moa
delay Na+ channel closing "knockdown effect" | high doses = - GABA and ATPase
60
Pyrethrins dx
liver/brain
61
Pyrethrins tx
2 pam
62
Pyrethrins CS
generalized muscle tremors & "acute paralysis"
63
Pyrethrins facts
very toxic to fish/birds, lipid sol, MGJ264
64
Deet dx
20ppm = diagnostic
65
Deet CS
Rodents: depressed/excited, ataxia, tremors, seizure, coma | Dogs/cats: hyper sal, V, hyperexcited, tremors, ataxia, seizures, coma
66
Amitraz facts
paralyzes mouth parts of ticks/mites, not ofr cats/horses
67
amitraz moa
alpha 2 adrenergic agonists
68
amitraz XS
transient sedation 1-3 days
69
Cholcalciferol facts
lipophillic, cats more susceptible, EHC, excreted in bile/feces
70
Cholcalciferol CS
hematemesis, melana +++
71
Cholcalciferol lesions
hem gastroenteritis and mineralization
72
Cholcalciferol tx
glucocorts, furosemide, biphosphates
73
Bromethalin facts
GUP, lethal syn, EHC, GP resistant
74
Bromethalin
uncoupling of ox phos and lipid peroxidation
75
Bromethalin lesions
cerebral edema, white matter vacuoloes
76
Strychnine facts
RUP, persistant, dogs more sensitive, EHR, crosses BBB, V and food in stomach decrease toxicity
77
Strychnine MOA
blocks post synaptic affect oh glycine in SC
78
Strychnine CS
sardonic grin, opisthotonus
79
Zinc phosphate facts
RUP, tracked into bird food by rats, garlic and fish odor, GI corosive, acid enhances toxicity
80
Zinc phosphate
inhibit ox phos
81
Zinc phosphate
gastroenteritis, KLL congestion
82
Fluoracetate facts
anti coyote, relay tox
83
Fluoracetate moa
competes with citrates in TCA
84
Fluoracetate cs
``` Dogs= cns+ and GI horses/LS= heart cats/pigs= cns and ```
85
Methaldehyde facts
RUP, more toxic if inhaled, enzyme inducers decrease toxicity, EHR
86
Methaldehyde moa
- GABA, increase MOA
87
Methaldehyde cs
shake and bake, liver failure if survive dogs
88
Methaldehyde tx
enema with tepid h20, xylazine/ace

Tox (2 decks)

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