Ewidence Rewision (Housing) Flashcards
Use this deck to memorise every single evidence in the textbook that you need to know.
High birth rates lead to housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ In 2012-2013, London’s population increased by 104,000.
✮ There were 86000 more births than deaths during this period
✮ ONS data showed babies born to foreign-born mothers accounted for over ¼ of total births while births to UK-born mothers stayed the same
Migration from rural to urban areas leads to housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ As people from rural areas move to London increasingly, the homeless population grew by 4% in 2017
✮ 1950s: A third of the world’s population lived in cities
✮ 2007: More people lived in cities than in rural areas
✮ 2030s: The urban population is expected to reach a whopping 5 billion
Competing land use leads to housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ For example, Singapore is only able to allocate 17% of its land to housing, which is substantially lower compared to that of suburban town centres or rural areas
✮ Some Singapore golf courses need to be removed so the land can be redeveloped for housing and other uses
Limited land supply leads to housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ Dhaka, Bangladesh has a population estimate of 14,816,000. Its land area is only 337 km2. Its population density to the nearest hundred is 44000.
Better healthcare leads to housing shortage. Substantiate with examples. [This is an extra point]
✮ Tokyo has been one of the countries with the highest quality of science education and research
✮ It is a city with relatively liberal city governments
✮ It has the highest life expectancy compared to other cities in the world as it is overall the city with the best quality of healthcare according to OECD
Housing shortage causes enviromental pollution. Substantiate with examples.
✮ During the 1970s, Guanabara Bay in Rio De Janeiro used to be a habitat for a diverse range of marine animals, and had clear waters and white sandy beaches
✮ Now, the bay is filled with floating rubbish and polluted waters due to the unethical disposal of untreated sewage into the bay from nearby slums and squatters
Housing shortage causes homelessness. Substantiate with examples.
✮ The US Department of Housing and Urban Development estimates that there are 610,042 homeless people in USA on a single night in January 2013.
Housing shortage causes vulnerability to residents. Substantiate with examples.
✮ Problem of fires
✮ In January 2013, a fire occured in a slum in Mumbai.
✮ As houses were closely packed, 100 to 150 houses were burnt as a result
✮ Problem of landslides
✮ In 2010, a landslide in a favela named Floresta in Rio de Janeiro caused by rain killed 256 people.
✮ Problem of eviction
✮ In 2012, about 40,000 people who lived in Korail slum in Dhaka, Bangladesh were evicted when a court order to clear the land was issued.
✮ The incident resulted in social tension between the authorities and the residents.
✮ The residents who lost their homes staged a protest which ended only when the government promised to stop evicting residents temporarily.
Housing shortage causes low level of health due to poor living conditions. Substantiate with examples.
✮ The health of children living in slums is generally poorer than those with proper housing. For example, in Nairobi in which Kibera slum is located in, the death rate of children is 2.5 times higher in slums than in other parts of city, according to 2008 data from the WHO
Slum upgrading helps to reduce housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ Self-help schemes have improved the quality of housing in Rocinha slum, in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
✮ Most of the wooden houses have been replaced by concrete houses.
✮ The percentage of homes with electricity has increased from 30% to 75%.
✮ Rooftop water tanks and piped water systems were also added to the houses.
✮ Proper sanitation facilities such as toilets and sewers were also built.
Public housing helps to reduce housing shortage. Substantiate with examples.
✮ An example of the provision of public housing is in Singapore:
✮ In the 1960s and 1970s, slums and squatter settlements in Singapore had to be cleared to provide higher quality housing to residents
✮ The Housing Development Board (HDB) was set up in 1960 to build and provide public housing for Singapore’s increasing population.
✮ More than 80% of Singapore’s population live in HDB flats as of 2013.
✮ Another example is in Brazil:
✮ “My House, My Life Programme”
