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Med Term Exam 2 > Evolve Ch. 10 Quiz > Flashcards

Evolve Ch. 10 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse:

A

dendrite

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2
Q

Largest part of the brain:

A

cerebrum

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3
Q

The outermost layer of the meninges:

A

dura mater

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4
Q

Covering of white fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell:

A

Myelin sheath

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5
Q

A type of neuroglial cell that transports water and salts from capillaries:

A

astrocyte

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6
Q

Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid:

A

ventricles

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7
Q

The part of the brain that controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and the secretions from the pituitary gland:

A

hypothalamus

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8
Q

Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell:

A

neurotransmitter

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9
Q

Part of the brain responsible for coordinating muscle movements and maintaining balance:

A

cerebellum

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10
Q

Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells:

A

synapse

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11
Q

Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell:

A

axon

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12
Q

Posterior portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord:

A

brainstem

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13
Q

Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord:

A

cauda equina

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14
Q

Collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system:

A

ganglion

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15
Q

Part of the brain just above the spinal cord that controls breathing, heartbeat, and size of blood vessels:

A

medulla oblongata

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16
Q

Main relay center of the brain:

A

thalamus

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17
Q

Sheet of nerve cells that forms a rounded ridge on the surface of the cerebral cortex:

A

gyrus

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18
Q

Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex:

A

sulcus

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19
Q

Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord:

A

meninges

20
Q

Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges:

A

pia mater

21
Q

Neuropathy is disease (-pathy) of ________ (neur/o).

A

nerves

22
Q

Radiculitis is inflammation (-itis) of the _______ (radicul/o).

A

nerve roots

23
Q

Neuralgia is _______ (-algia) of the nerves (neur/o).

A

pain

24
Q

Bradykinesia is slowness (brady-) of ________ (-kinesia).

A

movement

25
Q

Hemiparesis is ________ (-paresis) in either the right or left half (hemi-) of the body.

A

weakness

26
Q

Ataxia is a condition of no (a-) muscular ________ (tax/o)

A

coordination

27
Q

Quadriplegia is ________ (-plegia) of all four (quadri-) limbs of the body.

A

paralysis

28
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain:

A

hydrocephalus

29
Q

Congenital defects in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts:

A

spina bifida

30
Q

Brain disorder marked by gradual and progressive dementia, personality changes, and impairment of daily functioning:

A

AD: Alzheimer’s Disease

31
Q

Degenerative disorder of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem:

A

ALS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

32
Q

Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity:

A

epilepsy

33
Q

Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue:

A

MS: multiple sclerosis

34
Q

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles:

A

myasthenia gravis

35
Q

Disease of involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements, uncontrollable vocal sounds, and inappropriate words:

A

Tourette syndrome

36
Q

Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head:

A

cerebral contusion

37
Q

X-ray imaging of the arterial blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast material:

A

cerebral angiography

38
Q

A method of treatment for myasthenia gravis:

A

thymectomy

39
Q

Radioactive glucose is injected and then detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells:

A

PET scan: positron emission tomography (PET) scan

40
Q

Recording of the electrical activity of the brain:

A

EEG: Electroencephalography

41
Q

Samples of CSF are examined:

A

cerebrospinal fluid analysis

42
Q

X-ray technique that generates multiple computerized images of the brain and spinal cord:

A

CT scan: Computerized tomography

43
Q

Magnetic field and pulses of radiowave energy are used to create images of the brain and spinal cord:

A

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging

44
Q

Use of sound waves to detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries:

A

Doppler ultrasound studies

45
Q

CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae for analysis:

A

lumbar puncture

46
Q

Use of a specialized instrument to locate and treat targets in the brain:

A

stereotactic radiosurgery

Med Term Exam 2 (6 decks)

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