Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 171 > Evolutionary Theory > Flashcards

Evolutionary Theory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Evolutionary theory: the great chain of being

A

14th century, creation was a single event, with nearly all species created at nearly the same time; humans are made in the image of god

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evolutionary theory: catastrophism

A

George Cuvier; 1796; original creation of all species

abrupt changes in fossil record reflect extinctions caused by catastophe; surviving species remained unchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Evolutionary theory: Inheritance of acquired Characteristics

A

Lamarck 1809; animals strive to become perfect during their lifetime, passing advancments off to the offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Charles Darwin was originally trained as..

A

premedicine and theology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

H.M.S. Beagle

A

Darwin’s ship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Darwin was qualified for the job

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Darwin idolized..

A

Thomas Malthus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Malthus idea’s

A

populations can outgrow their resources, and will compete against each other when resources are scarce, thus some individuals will die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

combined the concepts of inheritance and competition

A

Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Galapagos Island finches

A

resemble mainland finches but are NOT from the mainland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how many species of galapagos finches are there?

A

over a dozen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Darwins first four theories of evolution

A

Perpetual change, common descent, multiplication, gradualism;
described observed patterns, did not include mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Theory of Perpetual change

A

one of five of Darwin’s theory; the biological world is not static, change of nature is inevitable without a particular direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Theory of Common Descent

A

one of five of Darwin’s theories; employs basic tenets of cell theory, life only comes from life, therefore all life on earth is related, more closely related groups have more similarities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Theory of multiplication

A

One of five of Darwin’s theory; number of species is not constant, one or more species can arise from older ones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Theory of Gradualism

A

One of five of Darwin’s theory; evolutionary events are very tiny, “baby steps”
changes accumulate over time
earth is very old

17
Q

Theory of natural selection

A

Darwin’s fifth theory; answered “how” all his other theories worked. Individuals produce more offspring than can survive and reproduce. All members share the same gene pool. Individuals differ from each other in heritable traits. Different phenotypes result in different levels of reproduction. More successfull contribute their traits to the next generation.

18
Q

Who else discovered the theory of natural selection?

A

Alfred Wallace

19
Q

Difference between Lamarck and Darwin

A

Lamarcks theory dealt with non heritable acquired traits; Darwin dealt with heritable traits

20
Q

Micro evolution

A

Small changes in a species over short time intervals

21
Q

The birth or death of an individual in a sexually reproducing species

A

Evolution

22
Q

Macro evolution

A

Changes that accumulate over geological time

23
Q

All of Darwin’s finches are descended from..

A

The mainland finch

24
Q

Scientists began looking for missing links:

A

Archaeopteryx

25
Q

Two phenotypes of the peppered moth

A

Pale form white with black speckles

Dark form black with white speckles

26
Q

What was it itnitially the most common form of peppered moth?

A

Pale form

27
Q

Why did the dark form become more popular?

A

The trees became covered in soot

28
Q

Selection pressure

A

Petiscide resistance

29
Q

What populations are still pesticide resistant?

A

Colorado potato beetle, and house flies

30
Q

Staphylococcus aureus causes..

A

Skin infections ; antibiotic resistant

31
Q

Difference between today’s corn and wild maize

A

Today’s corn: fewer ears per plant
Better pest resistance
Greater yield

32
Q

Natural selections operates on populations or individuals?

A

Individuals

33
Q

Evolution happens to an individual or population?

A

Population

34
Q

Lamarck said evolution happens at what level

A

Individual

35
Q

Driving forces of evolution:

A

Mutations
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Natural selection

36
Q

Example of genetic drift

A

Dad did not pass on y linked genes because he only had daughters

37
Q

What factors accelerate evolution?

A

Punctuated equilibria (no constant rate of evolution
Bottlenecks and founder effects
Harsh environmental conditions

38
Q

Convergent evolution

A

when two species evolve to be similar but do not have common ancestors
Ex. Ticks, lice , fleas

Bio 171 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions