Evolution Test

Question 1

What is the equation for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

Answer 1

p^2+2pq+q^2=1
p+q=1

Question 2

What does the p stand for in the equation?

Answer 2

Homozygous Dominant

Question 2

What does the pq stand for in the equation?

Answer 2

Heterozygous

Question 3

What does the q stand for in the equation?

Answer 3

Homozygous recessive

Question 4

What are alleles?

Answer 4

Different versions of a trait.

Question 5

What are the three different kinds of mutations?

Answer 5

1. Disruptive
2. Stabilizing
3. Directional

Question 6

What do you divide to find the percentage of traits in a population?

Answer 6

Part/Whole population

Question 7

What is a Hardy-Weinberg Equation about? (List a couple of points)

Answer 7

-No mutations
-Random mating
-No gene flow
-Snapshot in time
-Large population
-Hypothetical
-Assumptions can be made

Question 8

What was the lethal allele combination in the bunny lab?

Answer 8

Furlessness or ff

Question 9

Why do lethal alleles remain in generations while not being completely erased?

Answer 9

Heterozygous individuals still carry the lethal allele and can pass it on to their descendants.

Question 10

What does F.A.M.E stand for?

Answer 10

-Fossils
-Anatomy
-Molecular
-Embryological

Question 11

What does the fossil record demonstrate?

Answer 11

Intermediate species throughout time.

Question 12

What are homologous strcuture?

Answer 12

Same strcuture-different function

Question 13

What are analogous structures?

Answer 13

Different anatomies - similar functions

Question 14

What are vestigial strcutures?

Answer 14

Wisdom teeth, tail bones, and other structures are no longer needed to survive in organisms.

Question 15

What is embryology?

Answer 15

Organisms in their embryo stages
-Suggests a common ancestor

Question 16

What is a scientific theory?

Answer 16

A statement or explanation that has been well-supported by facts.
Examples include:
-Theory of Evolution
-Cell Theory
Gravitational Theory

Question 17

Allopatric Speciation

Answer 17

Separated by geography

Question 18

Sympatric Speciation

Answer 18

Reproductive Isolation
-Temporal
-Behavioral

Question 19

Pre-zygote mechanisms Prevent mating

Answer 19

-Geographic isolation
-Temporal Isolation
-Behavioral Isolation

Question 20

Post-zygote Isolating Mechanisms

Answer 20

-Offspring are infertile
-Pregnancy is not successful

Question 21

Phyletic Gradualism

Answer 21

Speciation occurs slowly in a population, with more stasis, ancestral turns into a new species altogether

Question 22

What is a punctuated equilibrium?

Answer 22

-Speciation occurs quickly
-Subpopulation turns into a new species
-Transitional links are rare

Question 23

What is adaptive radiation?

Answer 23

The development of many species from a common ancestor

Question 24

What are some of the causes of the 6th mass extinction?

Answer 24

-Habitat destruction
-Climate change
-Pollution
-Poaching and illegal hunting

Question 25

What is cladistics?

Answer 25

Evolutionary relationships between different organisms.