evolution test

Question 1

artificial selection

Answer 1

humans selecting organisms for breeding that have useful or desired traits

Question 2

struggle for existence

Answer 2

members of species compete regularly for food, living space

Question 3

adaptation

Answer 3

an inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival

Question 4

fitness

Answer 4

the ability of an organisms to survive and reproduce in its specific envirnment

Question 5

natural selection

Answer 5

individuals that are better suited to their environment, survive and reproduce most successful

Question 6

evolution

Answer 6

a change in an organism over time

Question 7

fossil

Answer 7

preserved remains or evidence of an ancient organism

Question 8

relative dating

Answer 8

determines the age of a fossil by comparing the different rock layers and placement

Question 9

radioactive dating

Answer 9

calculating the age of a sample based on the remaining radioactive material

Question 10

homologous structures

Answer 10

structures that have different forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue

Question 11

vestical organs

Answer 11

organs that serve no useful function

Question 12

gene pool

Answer 12

all the genes (including alleles) in a population capable of interbreed

Question 13

relative frequency

Answer 13

the number of times an allele occurs within a gene pool

Question 14

polygenic trait

Answer 14

controlled by more than one set of alleles

Question 15

directional selection

Answer 15

one end have higher fitness than the ones in the middle

Question 16

stabalizing

Answer 16

center has the highest fitness

Question 17

disruptive

Answer 17

both upper and lower ends have higher fitness than center

Question 18

genetic drift

Answer 18

random change in allele frequency

Question 19

genetic equilibrium

Answer 19

when allele frequencies do not change, evolution doesn’t occur

Question 20

speciation

Answer 20

changes that lead to the formation of a new species

Question 21

reproductive isolation

Answer 21

when new species evolve, differences in reproduction

Question 22

behavioral isolation

Answer 22

differences in courtship and reproductive strategies involving behavior

Question 23

geographical isolation

Answer 23

seperation by geographical barriers

Question 24

temporal iso

Answer 24

species may reproduce at different times

Question 25

convergent evolution

Answer 25

unrelated organisms evolve independently to resemble one another because they are in the same habitat

Question 26

coevolution

Answer 26

2 organisms which depend on each other, changes because of changes in another