Evolution Of Sport

Question 1

How did social class in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 1

Upper and lower classes.

Different classes had different sports and pastimes

Question 2

How did gender in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 2

Society was male dominated. Sports were male dominated for this reason

Question 3

How did Law and Order in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 3

There was no police.

This made sports often very cruel and violent

Question 4

How did Education in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 4

Upper classes were literate and lower classes were illiterate. 
This meant lower class sports had unwritten rules and were very simple

Question 5

How did time availability in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 5

For lower classes, free time was determined my seasons. 
Sports for the lower class were not played often, sometimes only annually

Question 6

How did transport in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 6

Not much transport for lower class so sports were played very locally. 
Upper class has horse and carriage but not much else

Question 7

How did money availability in Pre-industrial Britain effect sport?

Answer 7

Mob football could go from “rags to riches”
Wagering was a thing, especially for upper class
Lower class didn’t have much money though

Question 8

How did social class effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 8

Lower class were professionals as they needed money in order to cover their expenses for participating
Amateurs were upper class who could afford to play sports without being payed. They sometimes put bets on professionals

Question 9

How did gender effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 9

Opportunities for women did improve but were still limited

Women could play sports such as lawn tennis but had to compete in a lady like fashion

Question 10

How did law and order effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 10

Rules in sports became more civil
It was no longer acceptable to destroy property
The end for blood sports, however fox hunting was still allowed by the upper class

Question 11

How did education effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 11

Education limited to upper and middle class
Education acts (1870 & 1891) increased the opportunity for lower classes to receive education 
Increased literacy rate for all meaning more complex rules

Question 12

How did time availability effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 12

Still little free time for people as they worked in factories
Towards the end of the century, employers began to respect the benefit of allowing their workers to be physically active, meaning slightly more free time

Question 13

How did transport effect sport in 19th century Britain?

Answer 13

Expansion of railways
Participants were able to travel to fixtures afield which lead to competitions
Spectators could now attend

Question 14

Brainstorm information on public schools

Answer 14

They were boarding schools
Had a lot of time for sport could afford good equipment
Employed pro coaches
Encouraged teachers to support and coach house teams, as well as play
They held regular inter house completions and matches
Only boys allowed

Question 15

Describe and explain the ‘cult of athleticism’

Answer 15

It was the craze for playing team games
Daily games were often compulsory. Everyone had to display effort and sportsmanship
This spread sports worldwide

Question 16

What did Dr Thomas Arnold do?

Answer 16

He was the headmaster of Rugby School and he used sport as a way of improving behaviour of boys in public schools

Question 17

Background on 20th century Britain

Answer 17

More free time lead to an increase in population
Huge urbanisation rates
Technology improved, allowing sports to be spread worldwide
The pub was the centre of sporting activity, especially due to increase in wages

Question 18

How did social class effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 18

Lower class could be professionals and amateurs 
Some sports had middle AND  lower class players 
Increase in popularity to  sporting events 
Upper class more likely to get involved in sports now due to less violent nature
Professionals were still reserved for lower class

Question 19

How did gender effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 19

Still mainly men
Women were taking part in less sport due to it revolving around pubs
Perception of women changed during WW1 leading to an increase in participation of women
Women’s FA formed in 1969, although these were largely opportunities as amateurs

Question 20

How did law and order (model course) effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 20

1902 model course 
Military training for working class children taught as PE curriculum due to poor performance in the Bohr war
It was aimed to improve fitness of the working class for military duties

Question 21

How did law and order (in general) effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 21

Continued to evolve, creating stricter and more a disciplined culture
Laws of sport were changed to uphold moral conduct of players
This increased participation in middle class people
For example, boxers now used gloves and weren’t allowed to kick or bite
The most barbaric sports were gone by now

Question 22

How did education effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 22

Sport as a form of education received widespread support due to the passing of the 1944 education act and the 1988 reform act
These acts lead to increased sporting provisions within schools.

Question 23

What was the 1944 education act?

Answer 23

States that schools should educate student physically, morally and academically.
Physical education was now required

Question 24

How did time and money effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 24

Working conditions continued to improve throughout this period
Working week was now 5 days
Wages steadily increased
Greater opportunities due to these changes to take part in sport in their free time

Question 25

How did transport effect sport in the 20th century?

Answer 25

Improvement to railway lines allowed large numbers to follow their teams across the country
Improvement of roads and more people owning motor vehicles made sport more accessible to the general population
Global sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup and the Olympics became much more popular