evolution of modern psych Flashcards
Anthropocentrism
The idea that people are the most important thing in the universe
Psychology
Study of the spirit/ soul
Determinism
The idea that every event (behavior & thoughts) is preceded by other events
Structuralism
- Psych is the scientific study of conscious mind
- consciousness is based on sensations, images and emotion (building blocks)
Gestaltism
Perception of objects is produced by particular configurations of the elements of stimuli, that we experience things as a unified whole
Functionalism
- Darwinian perspective
- all mental processes derive from their usefulness to the organism in adapting to the environment
Functionalism
Function of a conscious experience in providing adaptation of the organism is more important than the structure of that conscious experience.
Psychoanalysis was developed by
Freud
Psychoanalysis
Emphasis on the influence of the conscious mind on behavior
Psychoanalysis
3 forces drive experiences : id, ego and superego
Id
Urges, wants, desires
Immediate gratification
UNCONSCIOUS
ego
Holds the id in check and adjusts it to fit current reality
CONSCIOUS
Superego
Ideals and values from our parents and culture
CONSCIOUS
Behaviorism
Defined psych as the scientific study of the relationship between stimuli in the environment and the response of the organism
Favored nurture over nature as the foundation for learning
Behaviorism
Convinced that learning is the same in all creatures
Behaviorism
People are the product of the environment they grew up in
Behaviorism
Area of psych that focuses on the faculty of knowing
Cognitivism
Focus: internal mental states, how people acquire, process and store info
Cognitivism
_____ involves “all processes by which the sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered and used”. Even when there is an absence of relative stimuli
Cognition
compares human activity to that of a computer.
cognitivism
integration of mind, body and behavior
biologism
explained behavior in terms of physiological (brain/neural) processes
biologism
scientific study of biological substrates underlying behaviour and the mind, with a focus on their neural substrates.
Cognitive Neuroscience
focus: how behaviour and psychological functions
cognitive neuroscience
Timeline between schools
Structuralism—>Behaviourism—->Cognitive Neuroscience
