evolution of health and disease

Question 1

health determinants are _ or _

Answer 1

proximal or distal

Question 2

proximal determinants

Answer 2

physiological causes of disease

Question 3

are proximal or distal determinants easier to affect?

Answer 3

proximal

Question 4

distal determinants

Answer 4

underlying causes of disease

Question 5

categories of distal determinants

Answer 5

biologic, behavioral, societal

Question 6

types of biological determinants

Answer 6

genetic or developmental

Question 7

developmental plasticity

Answer 7

we can change phenotype to match environment, but only a good thing if our future environment matches

Question 8

societal determinants include:

Answer 8

exposures and status

Question 9

health risks from our genome

Answer 9

aneuploidy, single gene mutations, snps

Question 10

susceptibility to disease (5)

Answer 10

exposure to environment conditions that we can’t adapt to, post reproductive loss of selection pressure, co evolution with mutating virulent pathogen, harmful allele has benefit to heterozygous, evolutionary design constraints

Question 11

Example: exposure to environment conditions that we can’t adapt to

Answer 11

diabetes, osteoarthritis

Question 12

example: post reproductive loss of selection pressure,

Answer 12

RA

Question 13

example:co evolution with mutating virulent pathogen

Answer 13

TB, HIV

Question 14

example: harmful allele has benefit to heterozygous

Answer 14

sickle cell

Question 15

example: evolutionary design constraints

Answer 15

low back pain, choking