Evolution of Animals

Question 1

Serial Theory of Endosymbiosis:

Once, a prokaryote decided that it was a good idea to accept guests into its own body. But later on, these guests took permanent shelter and evolved into _____ ____. The first guest which was an ______ became the ______ which allowed adaptation to the increasing oxygen levels during that time. Meanwhile, autotrophic plants and algae had an additional guest, a _____ which then became the ancestor of the _____ (Brusca et al., 2016; Gray, 2017).

Answer 1

cellular organelles, α-proteobacterium, mitochondrion, cyanobacterium, chloroplast

Question 2

Consequently, the first evidence that proved the existence of multicellular life comes the _____ period.

Answer 2

Ediacaran

Question 3

The Ediacaran fauna consists mostly of _____, _____, as well as their comb jelly relatives.

Answer 3

sponges, jellyfish

Question 4

cells that were in sponges called the ____ specialized in trapping food particles resemble the choanoflagellates.

Answer 4

choanocytes

Question 5

_____ which is said to be the oldest animal discovered without the aid of a microscope and the rangeomorph, with frondlets that can easily be mistaken as a distinguishing plant characteristic.

Answer 5

Dickinsonia

Question 6

_____ are heterotrophic multicellular eukaryotes capable of undergoing the process of embryogenesis (Brusca et al., 2016).

Answer 6

Metazoans