Evolution

Question 1

Divergent Evolution

Answer 1

When two species from the same parent species become less physically similar over time

Question 2

Convergent Evolution

Answer 2

When two different species become more physically similar

Question 3

Evidence for evolution: selective breeding

Answer 3

Artificial selection shows that animals can change physically as they gain desirable characteristics

Question 4

Evidence for evolution: comparative anatomy

Answer 4

Study of physical differences and similarities show evolution. Analogous structures having similar functions but evolving from different ancestors evolved overtime whereas homologous structures have different functions but evolved from the same ancestral structure

Question 5

Evidence for evolution: fossils

Answer 5

Transition fossils demonstrate evolutionary change that organisms undergo as they transition from one type of organism to another

Question 6

Evidence for evolution: vestigial organs

Answer 6

Structures lost some or all ancestral function - evidence that some species are itnerconnected

Question 7

Evidence for evolution: Comparative embryology

Answer 7

Embryos more similar suggest they are more related

Question 8

Evidence for evolution: biogeography

Answer 8

Geographic distribution of living things

Question 9

Natural selection

Answer 9

Descent with modification is observable when parents have children that are slightly different from their parent due to random common genetic mutations. Selection of how offspring with desirable traits for an environment end up surviving and reproducing more than organisms without the trait.

Question 10

Sexual selection

Answer 10

Variations in sexes lead to individuals reproducing more. Resulted in sexual dimorphism.
Female choice: resulting in brightly coloured males
Male choice: resulting in larger males

Question 11

Speciation

Answer 11

Formation of new and distinct species. Steps in order are: variation, geographic isolation, natural selection, reproductive isolation