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Gen. Sci (G7 - G10) > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

The process of biological change

A

Evolution

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2
Q

Much of today’s understanding of evolution is based on ___.

He’s the father of modern evolution.

A

Charles Darwin

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3
Q

The first scientist to explain the evolutionary process.

A

John Baptiste Lamarck

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4
Q

the _____ lead to their development or deterioration

A

use or disuse of body parts

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5
Q

___ introduced the theory of extinction and catastrophism.

A

Georges Cuvier

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6
Q

The view that the earth’s geological landscape is the result of violent events.

A

Catastrophism

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7
Q

____ wrote about the relationship between population and supply

A

Thomas Malthus

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8
Q

Malthus published Essay on the Principle of Population in ___

A

1798

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9
Q

The theory that states that the events in the past that formed the Earth are still at play today and are a gradual process.

A

Uniformitarianism

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10
Q

____ developed the theory of uniformitarianism

A

Charles Lyell

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11
Q

Darwin was 1.__ when he sailed from 2.__ on the 3.___ in 4.__

A
  1. 22 years old
  2. Great Britain
  3. H.M.S. Beagle
  4. 1831
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12
Q

-Darwin’s Galagapos Finches-
Ground Finch
Main Food: 1.___
Beak: 2.___

A
  1. seeds

2. heavy

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13
Q

-Darwin’s Galagapos Finches-
Tree Finch
Main Food: 1.___
Beak: 2.___

A
  1. leaves, buds, blossoms, fruits

2. thick, short

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14
Q

-Darwin’s Galagapos Finches-
Woodpecker finch
Main Food: 1.___
Beak: 2.___

A
  1. insects

2. stout, straight

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15
Q

-Darwin’s Galagapos Finches-
Warbler finch
Main Food: 1.___
Beak: 2.___

A
  1. insects

2. harder, slender

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16
Q

In the 1830s, ____ was also working on a theory of natural selection

A

Alfred Wallace

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17
Q

(ENUMERATION) Indirect Evidence

A
  1. Fossil Records
  2. Geography
  3. Comparative Anatomy
  4. Comparative Embryology
  5. Comparative Biochemistry
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18
Q

(ENUMERATION) Direct Evidence

A
  1. Current Observation
    a. Fossil Evidence
    b. Geography
    c. Anatomy
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19
Q

____ are similar in structure but different in function. Evidences of a common ancestors.

A

Homologous Structure

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20
Q

____ have a similar function. Not evidences of a common ancestor.

A

Analogous Structure

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21
Q

Remnants of organs/structures that had a function in an early times

A

Vestigial Structures

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22
Q

___ provides evidence of evolution. Similar embryos, diversed organisms

A

Embryology

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23
Q

All living things contain similar biochemical compounds

A

Comparative Biochemistry

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24
Q

(ENUMERATION): Modes of Preservation

A
  1. Original Preservation

2. Altered Remains

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25
Q

How do we use the fossil record?

1. Understanding the ___ of life

A

History

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26
Q

How do we use the fossil record?

2. Determining relative ages of ___ that contain them and correlating ___ unify of the same age.

A

Rocks

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27
Q

How do we use the fossil record?

3. Interpreting _____

A

Past environments

28
Q

Patterns in Evolution:

Unrelated species living in similar environments

A

Convergent Evolution

29
Q

Patterns in Evolution:

Closely related species living in different environments

A

Divergent Evolution

30
Q

Patterns in Evolution:

Sometimes, several species will evolve from a single, ancestral species

A

Adaptive radiation

31
Q

Patterns in Evolution:

Evolution of one species affect the evolution of another species

A

Coevolution

32
Q

Patterns in Evolution:

Evolution may proceed with long periods of relatively little change punctuated with short periods of intense change

A

Punctuated equilibrium

33
Q

Individuals inhibiting the same area at the same time

A

Population

34
Q

Focusing on factors of changes in population

A

Population Dynamics

35
Q

Number of individuals

A

Population size

36
Q

The amount of individuals in a population per unit habitat area

A

Population density

37
Q

Spatial pattern in habitat

A

Population dispersion

38
Q

Population of individuals in each group of population

A

Age structure

39
Q

Number of individual added through reproduction

A

Natality

40
Q

Average number of children born alive per woman in her lifetime

A

Total Fertility Rate

41
Q

Number of individual removed through death

A

Mortality

42
Q

How many individuals are born vs. How many die

A

Birth Rate

43
Q

(ENUMERATION) Density depends upon:

A
  1. Social/population structure
  2. Mating relationship
  3. Time of year
44
Q

Movement of individuals into a population

A

Immigration

45
Q

Movement of individuals out of a population

A

Emigration

46
Q

Types of Population Dispersion:

A
  1. Dumps
  2. Uniform
  3. random
47
Q

Types of Population Dispersion:

Individuals are dumped into a group

A

Dumps

48
Q

Types of Population Dispersion:

Individuals are regularly spaced in the environment

A

Uniform

49
Q

Types of Population Dispersion:

Individuals are dispersed in the environment

A

Random

50
Q

___ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of a particle in a substance

A

Temperature

51
Q

The amount of space that a substance or object occupies

A

Volume

52
Q

Measures the number of particles in a specific substance

A

Mole

53
Q

Force exerted on a surface per unit area

A

Pressure

54
Q

Gas Properties:

1. Gases are _________ and 2. _____

A
  1. easily compressed

2. flow

55
Q

Gas Properties:

3. Gases have ____ compared to liquid and solids

A

low densities

56
Q

Gas Properties:

4. Gas exerts a.____ in b.__ direction

A

a. pressure

b. all

57
Q

Gas Properties

5. Gases ____ through one another

A

diffuse

58
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

It shows how a.______ b.____ with one another.

A

a. individual gas particles

b. interact

59
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

If a gas follows all the postulates of the KMT, it is said to be an _______

A

ideal gas

60
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

1st: Gases are consist of ____

A

very small particles

61
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

1st: and the distances are relatively a.____, each has a b.___

A

a. large

b. mass

62
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

2nd: Gas particles are in a._____, b.____, and c.____ motion

A

a. constant
b. rapid
c. random

63
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

3rd: When gas particles collide, the KE is not lose but ___ only; gas paricles experience elastic collision

A

transferred

64
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

4th: Gas particles exert ____ on one another

A

no force

65
Q

Kinematic Molecular Theory of Gas:

5th: The average KE of gas particles is dependent upon the ___ of a gas

A

temperature

Gen. Sci (G7 - G10) (7 decks)

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