Evolution Flashcards
1
Q
Mechanisms for change/evolution
A
- Gene flow- immigration/emmigration
- Genetic drift- change in gene pool because of chance event
- Natural Selection
- Sexual reproduction
- Mutation
2
Q
Transient polymorphism
A
2 alleles in gene pool and one allele is gradually replacing the other
3
Q
Adaptive variation
A
- occurs when members of species occupy different niches or jobs in different environmental conditions
- evolve different morphological features because of different selection pressures
4
Q
Evidence for evolution
A
- Artificial Selection
- Fossils
- Homologous Features
5
Q
Different types of adaptations
A
- Structural
- Behavioral
- Biochemical
- Developmental
- Physiological
6
Q
Mechanisms for variation
A
- Mutations
- Meiosis
- Sexual Reproduction
7
Q
Pesticide resistance in rats
A
- Farmers apply pesticide to farm to kill all of the rats
- Rats who have the gene for resisting the pesticide survive. They don’t have to compete for food, so they thrive and reproduce.
- Farmers apply original pesticide again
- Fewer of the rats die. The gene for pesticide resistance has been favored and spread across the rats and is much more common.
- Farmers have to use a different pesticide to kill the rats.
8
Q
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
A
- Woman is sick with bacterial infection tuberculosis
- Woman goes to doctor, who gives her an antibiotic
- Antibiotic kills majority of bacteria, but not all of it
- One bacterium is resistant to the antibiotic- this is because of mutation or plasmid transfer.
- That bacteria multiplies to make the patient sick again.
- Woman returns to doctor, who gives her a different antibiotic that will hopefully kill bacteria
9
Q
Hierarchy of Taxa
A
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
10
Q
Taxa for Humans
A
Kingdom: Animmalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primate Family: Hominidae Genus: Homo Species: Sapiens
