Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What is evolution?

A

Change in frequencies of alleles in a population over
Allele- variant of a gene, all diploid organisms have 2 alleles

Ex) cystic fibrosis or different hair color

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2
Q

Population

A

Organisms of the same species that live together in the same area

Ex) when the environment favors some traits, alleles code for those traits in frequency over time

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3
Q

Origin of earth

A

4,600,000,000/ 1,000 sheets of toilet paper

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4
Q

Evidence for evolutionary change

A

1) fossil record
2) comparative anatomy
3) comparative embryology
4) molecular data
5) evolution in action

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5
Q

1) fossil record

A

Changes over time
Layers of rock contain fossils- new layers cover old ones
Shows series of organisms that lived on earth over a period of time

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6
Q

Fossilize well vs. do not fossilize well

A

Well- shells, bones, teeth, exoskeletons

Not well- soft tissue, jellies, skin

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7
Q

2) comparative anatomy

A

Have diff structures but tells store of common ancestor

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8
Q

Homologous structures

A

Come from same origin

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9
Q

Analogous structures

A

Look similar
Same function
Diff origin
No evolutionary relationship

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10
Q

Convergent evolution

A

Not the same, closely related but evolved similar traits

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11
Q

3) comparative embryology

A

Ex) all vertebrate embryos have all gill pouch at one stage of development

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12
Q

Vestigial structures

A

No apparent function, but ancestors did posses them

Ex) tons less, appendix, tail bone

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13
Q

4) Molecular record

A

Compare common genes and proteins

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14
Q

5) evolution in action

A

Artificial selection - everything we eat, and even dogs

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