Evolution

Question 1

measure the age of a rock using the decay of radioactive isotope

Answer 1

Radiometric Dating

Question 2

a method used to determine the ago of rocks by comparing them with those in other layers

Answer 2

Relative Dating

Question 3

amount of time required for half a radioactive isotope to decay

Answer 3

Half-Life

Question 4

smallest unit of geologic time lasting several million years

Answer 4

Epoch

Question 5

a unit of geologic time lasting several million years

Answer 5

Era

Question 6

divisions of geologic time lasting 10’s of millions of years

Answer 6

Periods

Question 7

directing breeding to produce offspring with desired traits, referred to as selective breeding

Answer 7

Artificial Selection

Question 8

theory of evolution developed by Darwin, based on 4 ideas: excess reproduction, variation, inheritance, and the advantages of specific traits in an environment

Answer 8

Natural Selection

Question 9

hereditary changes in groups of living organisms over time

Answer 9

Evolution

Question 10

idea that life arises from nonliving things

Answer 10

Spontaneous Generation

Question 11

anatomically similar structure inherited from a common ancestor

Answer 11

Homologous Structure

Question 12

reduced form of a functional structure that indicated shared ancestry

Answer 12

Vestigial Structure

Question 13

structure that has the same function but different construction and was not inherited from a common ancestor

Answer 13

Analogous Structure

Question 14

measure of a traits’ relative contribution to the following generation

Answer 14

Fitness

Question 15

inherited characteristics of a species that develops overtime in responsive to an environmental factor, enabling the species to survive

Answer 15

Adaptation

Question 16

each characteristic, such as hair color, height, or eye color

Answer 16

Trait

Question 17

branching diagram that represents the proposed phylogeny or evolutionary history of a species or group

Answer 17

Cladogram/Phylogenetic Tree