Evolution

Question 1

Which of the following could increase genetic diversity in a population

Answer 1

new mutation
migration of individuals into population

Question 2

which are required for evolution to occur

Answer 2

genetic changes in a pop. over time
genetic variation in a pop.

Question 3

which are special cases of genetic drift

Answer 3

bottleneck events
founder events

Question 4

founder events

Answer 4

small group of individuals becomes separated from larger pop.

Question 5

tuskless female elephants have a survival advantage and becoming more common in some pop. male elephants continue to display tusks as they are critical in comp. what are impacting the presence of tusks.

Answer 5

artificial selection
sexual selection

Question 6

which are required for speciation

Answer 6

reproductive isolation
genetic changes

Question 7

a single trait is encoded by two alleles of a single gene. one allele is fully dom. and the other is fully recessive. this is an ex. of

Answer 7

a mendelian trait

Question 8

some alleles in the gene that encodes the collage iv protein cause a disorder. this disorder impacts many traits … this is an example of

Answer 8

pleiotropic effects

Question 9

which of the following represents the frequency of the dom trait in a population

Answer 9

p^2 + 2pq

Question 10

behavioral traits

Answer 10

can be genetically encoded

Question 11

which of the following would violate hardy weinberg equilibrium

Answer 11

natural selection influences reproductive success

Question 12

the incidence of heterozygotes in a pop. is an ex. of

Answer 12

genotypic frequency

Question 13

genetic changes in a population over time is

Answer 13

evolution

Question 14

evolution

Answer 14

produces organisms that are well adapted to a specific environment

Question 15

3 alleles; one of the alleles gives a strong reproductive advantage and becomes the only one in the pop. this is:

Answer 15

allele fixation

Question 16

assuming the population size remains stable over time:

Answer 16

mutations will accumulate in the population

Question 17

what impact does a bottleneck event have on a population

Answer 17

decreases genetic diversity

Question 18

the rate that mutations occur in a specific population can be used as a:

Answer 18

molecular clock

Question 19

studying evolution by examining DNA sequences is:

Answer 19

molecular evolution

Question 20

the introduction of a new allele that encodes a grey color to the pop. is an ex. of:

Answer 20

gene flow

Question 21

different specialized traits based on environment

Answer 21

adaptations

Question 22

evolutionary fitness is based on

Answer 22

the # of offspring produced

Question 23

some insects have evolved to look like leaves to blend in and avoid getting eaten. what selective pressure is this

Answer 23

predation

Question 24

natural selection could cause all of the following except

Answer 24

new genetic variation

Question 25

natural selection and genetic drift both

Answer 25

change allele frequencies in a pop.

Question 26

change of allele frequency in a pop.

Answer 26

genetic drift

Question 27

an allele affects immune system function and makes it more likely to survive bacterial infections. this allele will be acted on by:

Answer 27

positive selection

Question 28

balancing selection

Answer 28

multiple alleles of a gene have a selective advantage over others

Question 29

if there is a strong positive selective pressure for an allele it will:

Answer 29

rapidly increase its allele frequency in the pop.

Question 30

stabilizing selection

Answer 30

genetic diversity decreases as the pop. stabilizes on a specific trait.

Question 31

directional selection

Answer 31

an extreme phenotype is favored over others.

Question 32

disruptive selection

Answer 32

both extremes are favorable, not the medium trait

Question 33

frequency-dependent selection

Answer 33

fitness of phenotype is dependent on the frequency of the trait

Question 34

kin selection

Answer 34

harming oneself in order to help protect members of same species

Question 35

which of the following results from kin selection

Answer 35

altruistic behavior

Question 36

artificial selection

Answer 36

chosen by outside factors such as humans

Question 37

sexual selection

Answer 37

male or female are drawn to certain traits

Question 38

what is the difference between artificial and natural selection

Answer 38

the source of the selective pressure

Question 39

the process by which new species come into existence

Answer 39

speciation

Question 40

morphological species concept

Answer 40

classifying organisms into species based on their morphology

Question 41

a species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and reproduce fertile offspring, but are reproductively isolated from other groups

Answer 41

biological species concept

Question 42

ecological species concept

Answer 42

a species is an organism that is adapted to a specific set of resources (niche) in the environment

Question 43

behavioral isolation

Answer 43

reproductive isolation based on the behavior of species in context of mating rituals and signals

Question 44

hybrid inviability

Answer 44

post-zygotic barrier that reduces a hybrid ability to mature into a fit adult

Question 45

which of the following could cause allopatric speciation to occur

Answer 45

geological isolation

Question 46

for speciation to take place

Answer 46

regular gene flow must not occur

Question 47

the process by which new traits form and create additional reproductive barriers between populations in the process of speciating is called

Answer 47

reinforcement

Question 48

mechanical isolation

Answer 48

incompatibility of sexual organs

Question 49

temporal isolation

Answer 49

differences in timing of critical reproductive events

Question 50

hybrid infertility

Answer 50

cannot produce offspring

Question 51

gamete isolation

Answer 51

prezygotic barrier where mating occurs but male and female gamete cannot form a zygote