Evolution

Question 1

Tools as indicators of human evolution

Answer 1

Younger rocks are generally towards top. Tools can be compared with other fossils from known time period and rocks can be dated (eg. radiometric dating).
More sophisticated tools show evidence of greater skill.
There is greater intelligence in more recent species of humans.

Question 2

What does the pentadactyl limb suggest?

Answer 2

Suggesting a common ancestor also had this limb structure but the structure has been adapted to different functions

Question 3

Pentadactyl limb

Answer 3

Similar bone structure, one upper limb bone, two lower limb bones, wrist bones, 5 digits.

Different features may be caused by mutations or adaption to different environments. Those will beneficial features survived. Suggests similar ancestors for all mammals and can show how one species is related to another.

Question 4

Why are complete fossils hard to find?

Answer 4

Soft body tissue decays, some parts also may have been eaten or moved away from the rest of the skeleton by animals before fossilisation. Some parts may not have been found when excavated.

Question 5

Survival of the fittest

Answer 5

-the population shows variation
-something provides a selection pressure
-those with more advantageous characteristics survive and are more likely to reproduce, passing this advantageous characteristic onto their offspring
-those without advantageous characteristics die out
-over generations the population all have the advantageous characteristic

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

Small section of DNA that codes for a protein