Evolution

Question 1

What was Darwin’s primary findings?

Answer 1

Some individuals have a higher chance of surviving than others in the same population and more offspring are produce each generation than can survive.

Question 2

Which statement about ecotypes is true?

Answer 2

Ecotypes are populations with adaptations to unique environments and with sufficient divergence over time, ecotypes can become separate species.

Question 3

What are the 3 categories of natural selection?

Answer 3

1) Directional selection - Selects for one extreme over the other extreme
2) Stabilizing selection - Acts against extreme phenotypes and favors average phenotypes
3) Disruptive selection - when extreme phenotypes have a fitness advantage over more intermediate phenotypes

Question 4

As average seed size became smaller, the average beak size of the fictional chirp-chirp bird decreased in size over the course of a few years. This change was most likely a case of:

Answer 4

Directional Selection

Question 5

What are the 2 types of speciation?

Answer 5

Geographic speciation is if a subpopulation is isolated from parent population by an extrinsic barrier such as topography, water or land.

Sympatric speciation is if a subpopulation becomes reproductively isolated in the presence of the parent population (aka populations in same place but splitting into two distinct groups).

Question 6

What is the predominant type of evolutionary change?

Answer 6

Natural selection

Question 7

What are other ways evolutionary changes can occur in a population/species?

Answer 7

Genetic drift and mutation

Question 8

On what level does evolution occur?

Answer 8

Population level as individuals cannot evolve

Question 9

On what level does natural selection occur?

Answer 9

Individual organism