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EARTH SCIENCE > Evidence of Plate Tectonics > Flashcards

Evidence of Plate Tectonics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who proposed the continental drift theory?

A

Alfred Wegener

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2
Q

What are his evidences to support his theory - Continental drift theory?

A

Continents fit like jigsaw puzzle, fossils of the same kind are found on different continent, rock types and paleoclimate data.

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Mesosaurus, cynognathus, lystrosaurus and glossopteris are the fossils found on different continents.

A

TRUE

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4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Before we have the 7 continents, it is once became a one big landmass called Pangaea, which means “all the earth” in Greek.

A

TRUE

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5
Q

IDENTIFY

The ocean surrounding Pangaea is called ___________ which means “__________” in Greek.

A

Panthalassa, “all seas”

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6
Q

Where they found the same remains of a mesosaurus that had split up when continents parted?

A

South America and South Africa

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

They discover different fossils on different countries.

A

FALSE, same fossils

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8
Q

Explain the 3rd evidence of Alfred Wegener: Rock and Mountain Correlation/ Geological structures and rock types.

A

It was discovered that mountains found on different continent have the same rock types. They were formed at the same time and place together but had split up when continents moved.

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9
Q

tropical plant remains

A

bituminous coal

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10
Q

Explain what happened to glaciers/glacial striations and sedimentary rocks on the 4th evidence of Alfred Wegener.

A

Glaciers/glacial striations are found on hot or tropical regions. Sedimentary rocks were found on cold regions.

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Wegener died when he could not give evidence /support for his evidence.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

Tectonics plate are similar to?

A

Lithosphere plates

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13
Q

What is the giant magnet?

A

Earth

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14
Q

What is the reason why the scientific community rejected Alfred Wegener’s theory even though he gave several evidence?

A

Because they are looking for another evidence that was lacking on Wegener’s theory. That is the mechanism of continental drift or what driving forces made the continents moved.

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15
Q

What is the lacking evidence of Alfred Wegener?

A

Mechanism of continental drift or what driving forces made the continents moved.

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16
Q

Area of magma that punch through a single plate.

A

hotspot

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The lithosphere is broken into plates.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

Because of the hotspot and continuous movement of plates, what is formed?

A

chain of hotspot volcanic islands

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19
Q

What drive plate motion?

A

Convection currents in the asthenosphere

20
Q

trench : _______

A

convergent boundaries

21
Q

ocean ridge : _______

A

divergent boundaries

22
Q

Key figure in changing ideas about the Earth’s surface.

A

Alfred Wegener

23
Q

Wegener suggested that Pangaea began to breakup about ______________ and the pieces drifted apart to form the present day continents.

A

200 million years ago

24
Q

What would prove continental drift is true?

A

1960’s evidence

25
Q

Who proposed the hypothesis of sea-floor spreading?

A

Harry Hess

26
Q

What mission of Harry Hess he needs to study?

A

the deepest parts of the ocean floor

27
Q

IDENTIFY

Ocean floor moves like a ____________ carrying continents with it.

A

conveyor belt

28
Q

IDENTIFY

_____________ is continually added by the process of sea-floor spreading.

A

New ocean floor

29
Q

Where new ocean floor forms in sea-floor spreading?

A

along the cracks in the ocean crust

30
Q

Where older rocks are pushed in sea-floor spreading?

A

sides of the crack

31
Q

What are the evidences for seafloor spreading?

A

Molten materials, drilling samples and the magnetic reversal

32
Q

What showed that molten material has erupted again and again from cracks along the mid-ocean ridge and cooled quickly?

A

rock pillows

33
Q

What showed that older rocks are found farther from the ridge and the youngest rocks are in the center of the ridge?

A

core samples from the ocean

34
Q

Where older rocks are found in seafloor spreading?

A

far from the ridge

35
Q

Where youngest rocks are found in seafloor spreading?

A

center of the ridge

36
Q

It would support the continental drift theory.

A

Mid-ocean ridge

37
Q

Why mid-ocean ridge can support the continental drift theory?

A

Because during seafloor spreading, sea floor/bed is moving and expanding.

38
Q

What is the reason why there are gaps during seafloor spreading?

A

Because of the plate movements.

39
Q

Another name for magnetic reversal?

A

Magnetic flip

40
Q

It happens when the North Pole is transformed into the South Pole and the South Pole becomes the North Pole.

A

Magnetic reversal

41
Q

Why magnetic reversal is happening?

A

Because of the changing directions of the flow of materials in the Earth’s liquid outer core.

42
Q

What is the name when continents are join once again?

A

Pangaea Ultima <3

43
Q

Describes one of the earliest way geologist thought continents move over time.

A

Continental drift

44
Q

IDENTIFY

The plates are always moving and interacting in a process called _________________.

A

plate tectonics

45
Q

What is the difference between tectonic plates and plate tectonics?

A

Tectonic plates are themassiveslabs of rock. While plate tectonics is the process of plates’ movement and interaction.

46
Q

IDENTIFY
Some of the mostdynamicsites of tectonic
activity are _________________ and _______________.

A

Seafloor spreading zones and giant rift valleys

47
Q

IDENTIFY
Most continental and oceanic floor features are the result of geological activity and
earthquakes along ___________________.

A

plate boundaries

EARTH SCIENCE (4 decks)

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