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Dentistry BDS3 > Evidence Based Dentistry > Flashcards

Evidence Based Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

Study of distribution/determinants of disease

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2
Q

Examples of demographics:

A

Births

Deaths

Age

Gender

Migration

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3
Q

What is a count?

A

No. people with a particular condition (at particular time and area)

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4
Q

What is prevalence?

A

% of population with a disease at any given point/period in time

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5
Q

What is incidence

A

Number of new cases in defined population over defined period

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6
Q

What is Starting risk?

A

Chances of outcome in untreated groups

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7
Q

What is modified risk?

A

Chances of outcome in treated groups

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8
Q

What is relative risk reduction?

A

Modified/starting risk

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9
Q

What is absolute risk reduction?

A

Starting-modified

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10
Q

Wat is number needed to treat?

A

1/absolute risk

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11
Q

What is risk ratio?

A

Risk % in treated group/ Risk % in placebo

1 is value of difference

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12
Q

What is odds ratio:

A

Odds of treatment outcome being successful/ Odds of unsuccessful treatment

(1 is value of NO difference)

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13
Q

CONFIDENCE RATIOS:

A

Risk ratio- overlaps 1 means insufficient evidence

Absolute risk- overlaps 0 means insufficient evidence

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14
Q

What is a case report?

A

Report on single case/ series of cases with outcome of interest

-> Hypothesis generation

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15
Q

What is cross-sectional study?

A

Observational study that analyses data from population at specific point in time

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16
Q

What is a case-control study?

A

Study involves people with disease and suitable group without- then looks back in time at exposures to particular risk factors for both groups

17
Q

What is a cohort study?

A

Participants are recruited and followed up over a period of time- exposures and outcomes are recorded

18
Q

What is a Randomised control trial?

A

Participants are allocated by chance to different interventions and outcome are followed up and assessed

19
Q

What are the design elements of RCT?

A

Specification of participants- age, gender, disease severity

Control/ comparison group

Randomisation

Blinding

20
Q

PICO:

A

Population

Intervention- treatment or exposure

Comparison- against placebo or standard treatment

Outcome- desired or undesired

Dentistry BDS3 (7 decks)

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