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A practical guide to ECG interpretation > Everything ECG > Flashcards

Everything ECG Flashcards

1
Q

Leads I, II, III are referred to as what?

A

Standard limb leads

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2
Q

which waves are the marker of myocardial infarction?

A

Q waves

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3
Q

is it more likely or less likely for someone to be having a MI if the initial deflection in the QRS complex is up?

A

less likely

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4
Q

Which leads are septal leads?

A

V1 and V2

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5
Q

Which leads are the anterior leads?

A

V2, V3, V4

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6
Q

which leads are the lateral precordial leads?

A

V4, V5, V6

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7
Q

Which leads are the inferior leads

A

II, III, AvF

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8
Q

A “J” point is a common feature of a normal variant in the hearts electrical system known as what?

A

Early repolarization

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9
Q

What do you compare the ST elevation level too?

A

The PR segment baseline

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10
Q

What 5 things should you examine each ECG for?

A
  1. Rate
  2. Rhythm
  3. Axis
  4. Hypertrophy
  5. Infarct
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11
Q

How many seconds in one small box?

A

0.04 seconds

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12
Q

How many seconds is one full box (5 small box’s)

A

.20 seconds

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13
Q

When trying to determine the rhythm what 4 questions should you ask yourself?

A
  1. Are there P waves
  2. is the QRS wide or narrow
  3. is it regular or irregular
  4. is the P wave related to the QRS
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14
Q

an upward P wave in lead II, regular rhythm and rate between 60-100 is considered what?

A

NSR

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15
Q

What interval does the AV node make the heart beat at?

A

40-60 bpm

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16
Q

What is the ventricular escape rate?

A

30-40 bpm

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17
Q

If an electrical impulse is being generated above the av node or from the av node will the QRS be wide or narrow?

A

QRS will be narrow as in supraventricular rhythms

18
Q

In what condition would you see a wide QRS complex even though the impulse was generated from the SA node (supraventricular)

A

if there is a bundle branch block

19
Q

If the electrical conduction is being started from the AV node would the P wave be positive or negative in lead II?

A

It would be negative because the electrical current is going up ward toward the SA node so away from the lead creating a negative deflection.

20
Q

If the conduction from the AV node toward the atria is faster than the conduction to the ventricle will you see an inverted P wave before or after the QRS?

A

before

21
Q

If the conduction from the AV node toward the atria is slower than the conduction to the ventricle will you see an inverted P wave before or after the QRS?

A

after

22
Q

If the conduction from the AV node toward the atria is the same speed as the conduction to the ventricle will you see an inverted P wave before or after the QRS?

A

neither, it will be hidden in the QRS so no p wave will be seen

23
Q

would you expect an indoventricular escape rhythm to have a wide or narrow QRS?

A

wide

24
Q

What are some common causes of reentry tachy?

A

Myocardial ischemia, and presence of an accessory pathway

25
Q

If someone has an increase in serum potassium would it cause brady or tachy?

A

brady

26
Q

Low potassium can cause the heart to become fast or slow?

A

fast

27
Q

What usually causes WAP to occur?

A

increased vagal effect slowing down the SA node and allowing another pacemaker site to take control

28
Q

What kind of disorders is multifocal atrial tachy seen?

A

COPD/ lung disorders

29
Q

What can you treat PAC’s with?

A

beta blockers, CCB’s and sometimes anitanxiety meds

30
Q

a run of three or more consecutive beats is considered what?

A

PAT

31
Q

What rate does PAT usually occur within

A

140-250

32
Q

If someone has been in aflutter less than 48 hours is it ok to cardiovert without coagulation?

A

according to this book yes

33
Q

90% of patients with afib were found to have PAC’s in what ventricle?

A

The left

34
Q

what is the difference between the PR interval of a PAC and PJC?

A

PAC will be normal, PJC will be short like less than .10ms

35
Q

What is the most common cause of PJC?

A

digitalis toxicity causing enhanced automaticity of the AV junction

36
Q

what are some conditions that can cause PJCs?

A
  1. ingestion of substances i.e caffeine, alcohol/tobacco
  2. electrolyte imbalance
  3. hypoxia
  4. CHF
  5. CAD
37
Q

When the HR of the SA node becomes less than that of the AV node what type of rhythm can occur?

A

a junctional rhythm

38
Q

In what kind of patients can you see a junctional rhythm?

A

those with

  1. increased parasympthetic tone
  2. inferior MI
  3. disease of the SA node
  4. hypoxia
  5. CCB’s and beta blockers
39
Q

Tx for junctional rhythm?

A

follows same protocols for bradycardia

  1. Atropine
  2. Pacing
  3. Vasopressors
40
Q

Mobitz II is most commonly associated with an MI to what part of the heart?

A

anterior wall

along with myocarditis

41
Q

Mobitz I with a 2:1 conduction ratio can look like mobitz II, what two things should you look for?

A

a Wider QRS complex and wenckebach pattern

A practical guide to ECG interpretation (3 decks)

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