Everything Flashcards
What is a phoneme?
The smallest linguistic unit of sound
What is an allophone?
A variation of a phoneme that does not change the meaning
What is a grapheme?
A written representation of a sound
What is assimilation?
When a sound becomes more like a neighboring sound
What is elision?
The omission of a phoneme during speech production
What is epenthesis?
The insertion of a phoneme during speech production
What is metathesis?
The transposition or switching of sounds in speech production
What is vowel reduction?
When a vowel becomes centralized or weakened in an unstressed syllable
What is regressive assimilation?
When a phoneme’s identity changes due to a following sound
What is progressive assimilation?
When a phoneme’s identity changes due to the influence of a preceding sound
What is coarticulation?
Articulation influenced by surrounding sounds
What is a voiced sound?
A sound that involves vibration of the vocal folds
What is a voiceless sound?
A sound that does not involve vibration of the vocal folds
What is a stop sound?
A sound produced with a complete blockage of airflow
What is a fricative sound?
A sound produced with partial blockage of airflow
What is a nasal sound?
A sound produced with airflow through the nose
What is a sonorant?
A sound produced with an open vocal tract
What is an obstruent?
A sound produced with airflow obstruction
What is a coronal sound?
A sound produced with the tongue blade curving up to the alveolar ridge
What is an anterior sound?
A sound produced at the front of the mouth
What is a velar sound?
A sound produced at the back of the mouth using the soft palate
What are suprasegmentals?
Features of speech such as pitch, stress, and intonation
What is a dialect?
A regional variation of language with distinct vocabulary and grammar
What is an idiolect?
A specific way a person speaks, including personal habits and quirks
