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PARAMEDIC STUDY > EVERYTHING > Flashcards

EVERYTHING Flashcards

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1
Q

This type of pain originates when hollow organs are obstructed producing cramps and diffuse, side spread pain.

A

Visceral

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2
Q

__________ is a progressive, degenerative disease of medium and large arteries.

A

Atherosclerosis

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3
Q

What is the difference between stable and unstable angina?

A

Stable angina occurs after a predictable amount of exertion and is similar to other attacks, unstable angina is characterized by noticeable changes in frequency severity and duration of pain.

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4
Q

A run of Ventricular Tachycardia occurs if at least __________ Premature Ventricular Contractions occur in a row.

A

3

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5
Q

What is Status Asthmatics?

A

Prolomged Asthma attack that does not respond to drug therapy.

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6
Q

Numbness and tingling in hands and feet cause by hyperventilation is due to?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis, decrease in CO2 levels

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7
Q

What is the primary antibody involved in an anaphylactic reaction?

A

IgE, Immunoglobulin E mediates allergic reactions.

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8
Q

What is digital clubbing MOST indicative of?

A

Chronic Hypoxia, and is thickening of finger tips.

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9
Q

Normal range of EtCO2?

A

35-45 mmHg

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10
Q

What is Dysphagia?

A

Difficulty speaking

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11
Q

Formula for IV flow rate

A

Volume (ml)
—————– × Drip Set (gtt/ml) = Flow
Minutes

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12
Q

Medication formula

A

Wanted dose
——————– × Volume = Dose
Dose on hand

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13
Q

What is Orthostatic Tilt Testing?

A

Taking blood pressure while laying down, sitting and standing.

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14
Q

What should you do with a prolasped cord?

A

Transport quickly, gently pushed baby off chord if needed, have mom pant through contractions to avoid pushing.

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15
Q

Meconium staining indicates?

A

Fetal distress in utero

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16
Q

At what point do you begin breathing for your patient?

A
  • Absent breathing: Ventilate twice, check pulse.
  • Less than 8 resp/min: Ventilate at 8-10/min or every 5-6 seconds.
  • Low Tidal Volume: Ventilate at 8-10/min or every 5-6 seconds.
17
Q

Formula for MAP?

A

(2×DBP)+SBP
—————– = Mean Arterial Pressure
3

18
Q

Indications for BVM

A
  • Apneic patients
  • Patients whose respiratory rate is too slow or too fast to provide adequate tidal volume.
19
Q

Indication and Contraindications of CPAP.

A

Indications:
- Hypoxia secondary to CHF
- Acute cardiogenic shock
- Pulmonary Edema
- Asthma / COPD
- Respiratory rate under 25, SPO2 less that 92% and accesory muscle usage.
Contraindications:
- Pneumothorax / chest trauma
- Tracheotomy
- Hemodynamically unstable
- Altered LOC
- Actively vomiting
- Upper GI bleed
- Respiratory rate under 12
- Unable to fit mask

20
Q

Signs of compensated shock

A
  • Weakness / light headedness (decreased blood volume)
  • Pallor / Pale (vasocontriction)
  • Tachycardia / Tachypnea (release of catecholamines)
  • Diaphoresis (release of catecholamines)
  • Weakened peripheral pulses (shunting)
  • thirst (hypovolemia)
21
Q

What is Shunting?

A

The passage of blood from one area to another.

22
Q

What are catecholamines?

A

A neurohormones that are important in stress response. They include Dopamine, Norepinephrine and Epinephrine. They increase HR, BP, RR, muscle strength and mental alertness.

23
Q

Signs of Decompensated Shock?

A
  • Hypotension (diminished cardiac output)
  • Altered LOC (decreased cerebral perfusion)
  • Cardiac Arrest
24
Q

What is Becks Triad?

A

Indicated Cardiac Tamponade.
- Low BP
- Muffled Heart Sounds
- JVD

25
Q

What is Cushing’s Triad?

A

Indicates increased ICP.
- Widened Pulse Pressue (increasing difference between DBP and SBP)
- Bradycardia
- Irregular Respirations

26
Q

What happens when ICP becomes greater than MAP?

A

The brain can no longer receive enough O2.

27
Q

Why is it important to have an IV started before relief of a crush patient?

A

The buildup of toxins due to lack of blood flow will all rush back into the circulation and can cause major issues.

28
Q

What is the Parkland Burn Formula?

A

4ml × % BSA × pt weight in Kg = Vol
- Half is given in the first 8 hours and the remander in given over subsequent 16 hours
- Ringers preferred as NaCl can cause hyperchloremic acidosis is such a large quantity.

PARAMEDIC STUDY (2 decks)

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