everything

Question 1

All the continents?

Answer 1

Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antartica, Oceania

Question 2

All the oceans?

Answer 2

Arctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, Atlantic Ocean.

Question 3

Famous uk mountains?

Answer 3

Ben nevis, Snowdon, Scaffel pike

Question 4

Famous uk rivers?

Answer 4

River thames, River severn, River trent

Question 5

Major Uk cities?

Answer 5

London, Manchester, Glasgow, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Liverpool, Leeds, Birmingham, Belfast, Newcastle, Sheffield, Bristol, Southhampton, Leicester

Question 6

How old is the earth?

Answer 6

4 billion years old (4.543)

Question 7

What are the different rock types?

Answer 7

Igneous, metamorphic & sedimentary

Question 8

What is longitude and latitude?

Answer 8

Longitude- top to bottom, east to west

Latitude- left to right, north to south

Question 9

How was the earth formed?

Answer 9

Dust left over from the creation of the sun clumped together to form what we now know as the earth.

Question 10

Earth’s layers?

Answer 10

Crust, inner core, outer core, mantle,

Question 11

Why do tectonic plates move?

Answer 11

They move because of convection currents. They make them move cm’s a year.

Question 12

Names of tectonic plates?

Answer 12

Eurasian plate, African plate, Indo- Australian Plate, Antarctic Plate, North American plate, South American Plate, Nazca plate, Caribbean plate, Cocos plate, Arabian plate.

Question 13

Types of crust?

Answer 13

Oceanic crust

Continental crust

Question 14

What type of crust has low density? How does it help?

Answer 14

The continental crust, it helps because it makes it float on the mantle therefore forming the land that we live on.

Question 15

Characteristics of the Oceanic Crust?

Answer 15

It is thinner and has higher density than the continental crust and it is much younger. Being less than 200 million years old. It is constantly being destroyed and replaced at plate boundaries. Commonly sinking.

Question 16

Characteristics of the Continental Crust?

Answer 16

Lighter than the Oceanic Crust, lower density helping it to form land! This is partly why the continents are at a higher elevation from the ocean floor. It’s also older.

Question 17

What is Earth’s crust. What is it made up of?

Answer 17

The crust is the layer that makes up the Earth’s surface and it lies on top of a harder layer, called the mantle. It is made up of a variety of metamorphic, igneous and sedimentary rock. It is the thinnest of Earth’s layers.

Question 18

What is Earth’s mantle made up of?

Answer 18

The upper part of the mantle is made mostly of peridotite. A rock with higher density than the rocks in the crust. The mantle is a semi-liquid layer, like jam almost!

Question 19

What are tectonic plates?

Answer 19

Slabs of rock that are broken off the crust. They are constantly moving and volcanoes and earthquakes are found.

Question 20

Types of plate boundaries?

Answer 20

Destructive, constructive, conservative and collision.

Question 21

What is a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 21

When oceanic and continental plates move together, the oceanic plate is forced under the continental plate and then the friction causes the melting of the oceanic plate. This will cause earthquakes and magma rising up to the surface from the cracks. Composite cone volcanoes and BIG earthquakes.

Question 22

What is a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 22

When plates move apart, volcanoes start to form and magma fills the gaps. A new crust starts to form. Shield volcanoes and earthquakes.

Question 23

What is a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 23

When the plates slide past each other in different directions or in the same direction at a different
speed. Friction is then overcome and the plates suddenly slip past. Causing violent earthquakes because of the shock waves.

Question 24

What is a collision zone?

Answer 24

Collision zones form when two continental plates collide. Neither plate is forced under the other, and so both are forced up and form fold mountains.

Question 25

The outer core.

Answer 25

This is a liquid layer and spins when the Earth rotates.

Question 26

The inner core.

Answer 26

This is a solid layer and has pressure, is insulated and extremely hot. Reaching up to temperatures like 5700 degrees C

Question 27

Is the Earth like an egg?

Answer 27

The earth is like an egg because the shell of an egg is like the Earth’s crust- it’s thin. An egg’s inside is like the inner core of the Earth where it’s very warm. The outer core is also a bit like the shell. The mantle of the Earth is also like the egg white. You can eat an egg but not the Earth. They both have layers.

Question 28

Features of a drainage basin?

Answer 28

Drainage basin - the area of land drained by a river.
Catchment area - the area within the drainage basin.
Watershed - the edge of highland surrounding a drainage basin which marks the boundary between two drainage basins.
Source - the beginning or start of a river.
Confluence - the point at which two rivers or streams join.
Tributary - a stream or smaller river which joins a larger stream or river.
Mouth - the point where the river comes to the end, usually when entering a sea.

Question 29

The different types of transportation of a river’s load?

Answer 29

Solution - minerals are dissolved in the water and carried along in solution.
Suspension - fine light material is carried along in the water.
Saltation - small pebbles and stones are bounced along the river bed.
Traction - large boulders and rocks are rolled along the river bed.

Question 30

Waterfalls.

Answer 30

Waterfalls often form in the upper stages of a river where it flows over different bands of rock. It erodes soft rock more quickly than hard rock and this may lead to the creation of a waterfall.

Formation of a waterfall:

The soft rock erodes more quickly, undercutting the hard rock.
The hard rock is left overhanging and because it isn’t supported, it eventually collapses.
The fallen rocks crash into the plunge pool. They swirl around, causing more erosion.
Over time, this process is repeated and the waterfall moves upstream.
A steep-sided gorge is formed as the waterfall retreats.

Question 31

Meanders.

Answer 31

As the river erodes to the right side then the left side, it forms large bends, and then horseshoe-like loops called meanders.
The formation of meanders is due to both deposition and erosion and meanders gradually migrate downstream.

Question 32

What is deposition

Answer 32

When the river loses energy, it drops any of the material it has been carrying. This is known as deposition.

Question 33

Glaciers.

Answer 33

A glacier is a huge mass of ice that moves slowly over land. They develop over many years in places where snow has fallen but not melted. Snow is compacted and turns to ice. The weight of the ice means that it starts to slip down mountain sides over time.