everyday work

Question 1

propensity [prəˈpensətɪ]

he has a propensity for / towards drink

Answer 1

propension f, tendance f, penchant m

he has a propensity for / towards drink - il a tendance à boire (plus que de raison)

Question 2

affluence [ˈæflʊəns]

The postwar era was one of new affluence for the working class.

Answer 2

Affluence is the state of having a lot of money or a high standard of living. (formal)
in times of affluence - en période de prospérité

Question 3

to foster [ˈfɒstəɼ]

He said that developed countries had a responsibility to foster global economic growth to help new democracies.

Answer 3

To foster something such as an activity or idea means to help it to develop
[to promote] favoriser, encourager

Question 4

to slop [slɒp] ( pt & pp slopped, cont slopping )

the soup slopped onto the cooker

Answer 4

[spill] renverser
[overflow - liquid] déborder
- la soupe a débordé sur la cuisinière

Question 5

to yield [ji:ld]

their research has yielded some interesting results

Answer 5

If something yields a result or piece of information, it produces it.
the investment bond will yield 11% - le bon d’épargne rapportera 11 %
their research has yielded some interesting results - leur recherche a fourni OR donné quelques résultats intéressants

Question 6

to deter [dɪˈtɜ:ɼ] ( pt & pp deterred, cont deterring )

⇒ [V n + from] Supporters of the death penalty argue that it would deter criminals from carrying guns.
⇒ [V n] Arrests and jail sentences have done nothing to deter the protesters.

Answer 6

To deter someone from doing something means to make them not want to do it or continue doing it.

Question 7

Whereas

Pensions are linked to inflation, whereas they should be linked to the cost of living

Answer 7

You use whereas to introduce a comment which contrasts with what is said in the main clause
поскольку (в тексте преамбулы договора)
юр. исходя из того, что; мотивировочная часть; с учётом того, что

Question 8

inherent dignity

Answer 8

врождённое достоинство

Question 9

disregard

[V n] He disregarded the advice of his executives.
[+ for] Whoever planted the bomb showed a total disregard for the safety of the public.

Answer 9

If you disregard something, you ignore it or do not take account of it.
невнимание; равнодушие; неуважение; пренебрежение; игнорирование

Question 10

to compel

..the introduction of legislation to compel cyclists to wear a helmet

Answer 10

If a situation, a rule, or a person compels you to do something, they force you to do it.
заставлять; принуждать; добиться (чего-л.); подчинить; заставить; принудить;

Question 11

a pledge

The meeting ended with a pledge to step up cooperation between the six states of the region.
⇒ [+ of] …a £1.1m pledge of support from the Spanish ministry of culture.

Answer 11

When someone makes a pledge, they make a serious promise that they will do something.
заклад; обет; обещание;

Question 12

ubiquity

Answer 12

If you talk about the ubiquity of something, you mean that it seems to be everywhere.
вездесущность

Question 13

to draw on

He drew on his experience as a yachtsman to make a documentary programme.

Answer 13

If you draw on or draw upon something such as your skill or experience, you make use of it in order to do something.

основываться, черпать из

Question 14

tremendously

The business is tremendously profitable.

Answer 14

очень сильно, резко

Question 15

to live up to smth

Schools don’t live up to our expectations.
Sales have not lived up to expectations this year.

Answer 15

If someone or something lives up to what they were expected to be, they are as good as they were expected to be.

быть достойным, соответствовать

Question 16

to grapple with smth

The economy is just one of several critical problems the country is grappling with.

Answer 16

If you grapple with a problem or difficulty, you try hard to solve it.
стараться преодолеть, сражаться

Question 17

rules of thumb

A good rule of thumb is: if it sounds too good to be true, it probably is

Answer 17

règle approximative, générale,

общие правила, практичские методы

Question 18

stakeholder

Answer 18

заинтересованая сторона, участник

Question 19

goofy

a goofy smile

Answer 19

If you describe someone or something as goofy, you think they are rather silly or ridiculous

дурацкий, глупый, бестолковый

Question 20

to slap

slapped an embargo

Answer 20

хлопать, шлепать

внезапно влепить эмбарго

Question 21

a blueprint

[+ for] The country’s president will offer delegates his blueprint for the country’s future.
⇒ [+ of] …the blueprint of a new plan of economic reform.

Answer 21

A blueprint for something is a plan or set of proposals that shows how it is expected to work.
план, проект, программа, замысел

Question 22

attributable
ə’trɪbjʊtəbəl

10,000 deaths a year from chronic lung disease are attributable to smoking.

Answer 22

If something is attributable to an event, situation, or person, it is likely that it was caused by that event, situation or person.
обусловленный, вызванный

Question 23

bank merger

Answer 23

слияние банков

Question 24

implicit costs

Answer 24

неявные издержки

Question 25

explicit costs

Answer 25

явные издержки

Question 26

to retaliate

Christie retaliated by sending his friend a long letter detailing Carl’s utter incompetence

Answer 26

If you retaliate when someone harms or annoys you, you do something which harms or annoys them in return.

мстить, отплачивать, нанести ответный удар

Question 27

an incentive

There is little or no incentive to adopt such measures.

Answer 27

If something is an incentive to do something, it encourages you to do it.

стимул, поощрение, побудительная причина

Question 28

an assumption

Dr Subroto questioned the scientific assumption on which the global warming theory is based.

Answer 28

If you make an assumption that something is true or will happen, you accept that it is true or will happen, often without any real proof.

допущение, аксиома, предположение

Question 29

a computation

He took a few notes and made computations.

Answer 29

Computation is mathematical calculation. ⇒ The discrepancies resulted from different methods of computation. ⇒

Question 30

to waylay

-to waylay the speaker with questions

Answer 30

If someone waylays you, they stop you when you are going somewhere, for example in order to talk to you, to steal something from you, or to attack you. ⇒ [V n] The trucks are being waylaid by bandits. ⇒ I’m sorry, Nick, I got waylaid.

Question 31

juggle (dʒʌgəl )

Mike juggled the demands of a family of 11 with a career as a TV reporter.

Answer 31

If you juggle lots of different things, for example your work and your family, you try to give enough time or attention to all of them. ⇒ [V n] The management team meets several times a week to juggle budgets and resources. ⇒ [V n + with] [Also V + with]

Question 32

a hubbub
(hʌbʌb)

when the hubbub of the day quiets down…

Answer 32

1. variable noun

A hubbub is a noise made by a lot of people all talking or shouting at the same time. (written) ⇒ [+ of] There was a hubbub of excited conversation from over a thousand people.
2. singular noun

You can describe a situation where there is great confusion or excitement as a hubbub. ⇒ In all the hubbub over the election, one might be excused for missing yesterday’s announcement.

Question 33

an onslaught
ɒnslɔːt

[+ of] …the constant onslaught of ads on American TV.

Answer 33

If you refer to an onslaught of something, you mean that there is a large amount of it, often so that it is very difficult to deal with. ⇒