Everyday Memory and Error Flashcards
Autobiographical Memory
Memory for specific experiences; episodic/semantic
Multidimensional: spatial, emotion, sensory
Remember some better than others
Reminiscence Bump
enhanced memory for teen/young adult years in those over 40
Theories of Reminiscence Bump
Self Image
Cognitive
Cultural Life Script
Connection: Memory & Emotion
Highly intertwined
Amygdala involvement (high for emotional words)
Emotion linked to improved memory consolidation
Release of stress hormones aid memory consolidation
Flashbulb Memories
memory for circumstances of shocking, emotional events
Flashbulb was studies by
Brown & Kuilk - Repeated Recall
Talarico & Rubin - Belief memory was accurate remained high
Flashbulb Theory
We may remember due to narrative rehearsal
Constructive Nature of Memory
what people report as memories are constructed by what actually happened + knowledge + experience + expectations
Repeated Reproduction
trying to remember at longer intervals
Source Monitoring and Source Memory
process of determining origins of our memories, knowledge, or beliefs
Source Error
misidentifying source of memory
Pros of Constructive Nature of Memory
Fills in Blanks
Cognition is creative
Designed to selectively remember important information
Cons of Constructive Nature of Memory
There are errors
Source Misattributions
Misinformation Effect
misleading information presented after a person witnesses an event can change how they describe such event
Misleading Post Even Information
can cause retroactive interference
can cause source monitoring errors
Real World Knowledge affects Memory
Pragmatic Interference
Schema
Script
Pragmatic Interference
occurs when reading a sentence and is expecting something not explicitly stated or implied by reading
Schema
Our knowledge of typical items contained in a scene
Script
Our conception of a basic sequence of events that should occur
False memories and eyewitness
false memories can arise due to suggestions which can make testimonies invalid
Errors in Eyewitness
Perception/Attention/Arousal
Misidentification due to Familiarity
Errors due to Suggestion
