Evasins

Question 1

Evasins

Answer 1

Evasins -

Question 2

capsules

Answer 2

bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae use these to avoid phagocytosis

Question 3

catalase

Answer 3

enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria to degrade peroxides, thus promoting survival inside phagocytes

Question 4

coagulase

Answer 4

enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia pestis that promotes blood clotting (coagulation), thereby walling-off the site of infection and protecting these bacteria from phagocytosis; this also causes the characteristic appearance of the skin in black plague

Question 5

M protein

Answer 5

this surface protein is produced by Streptococcus pyogenes to inhibit surface complement activation (which would cause opsonization)

Question 6

leukocidins

Answer 6

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and other bacteria use these to kill phagocytes by damaging their membranes

Question 7

anti-phagosomal factors

Answer 7

unknown factors allow protozoans such as Leishmania and bacteria such as Chlamydia, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Rickettsia, and Salmonella to survive within phagocytes