Evacuations

Question 1

Education + Children……

Answer 1

• the education of many evacuees was disrupted as rural schools could not cope with the influx of children from the cities

Question 2

How many people were helped to leave the cities?

Answer 2

• between September 1940 and December 1941, over 1,250,000 were helped by thee government to leave cities

Question 3

What did Sir John Anderson do?

Answer 3

• Sir John Anderson, in charge of evacuation divided the country into three areas: evacuation, neutral and reception areas.

Question 4

How many children were eligible for the evacuation scheme?

Answer 4

• 500,000

Question 5

How many people were evacuated before the war?

Answer 5

• Estimated that between the end of June 1939 and the first week of September, 3.5-3.75 moved were evacuated from potential bombing areas.

Question 6

How many people participated in the Evacuations?

Answer 6

• Uptake of Evacuation scheme was less than 40%

Question 7

What did Scotland don differently with Evacuations to England?

Answer 7

• In Scotland children were placed in family groups compared to England’s school class groups.
• Meant that children were more likely to be with their siblings in Scotland.

Question 8

How many people made private evacuation arrangements?

Answer 8

• Approximately 2,000,000 people who were wealthy or had relatives in rural areas made private evacuation arrangements

Question 9

Why did people go home?

Answer 9

• Many evacuees went home during the Phoney War period as the Lutwaffe didn’t really do anything at the start of the war; there wasn’t a threat.

Question 10

Why did Overseas Evacuations stop?

Answer 10

• Overseas evacuation was distrusted after the City of Bernard’s was sunk by a U-Boat in September 1940, killing 73 children :(

Question 11

Where did Scottish evacuees go?

Answer 11

• Glasgow evacuees went to Ayr, Dumfries, Rothesay or to Rural Perthshire.
• Edinburgh evacuees went to the Borders or the Highlands.

Question 12

What did rural hosts think of the children?

Answer 12

• Evacuees came with little, for example with clothing, and rural hosts could not believe how poor they were

Question 13

Who were also eligible for evacuation?

Answer 13

• Mother’s with children under school age, invalids and the blind.

Question 14

What doesJohn Macnicol suggest?

Answer 14

• Evacuation only served to reinforce existing class prejudices about feckless mothers and poor parenting and that was was required to solve the problems of verminous children was better prenatal education and not a welfare system.

Question 15

What does Richard Titmuss believe?

Answer 15

• He believes that evacuation stirred the national conscience and produced important changes in social policies such as the 1944 Education Act.

Question 16

What does Angus Calder believe?

Answer 16

• He would look more to the impact of big government on people’s lives, insisting the notion that what worked in war-time could work in peace-time.

Question 17

What was also evacuated as well as people?

Answer 17

• Goods were also evacuated, for example paintings from the National Gallery and the Bank of England.

Question 18

What was the personality of Sir John Anderson?

Answer 18

• It was claimed that Sir John Anderson was a cold, inhumane character who had little understanding of the emotional upheaval that may be created by the evacuation scheme.