Euryarchaeota : Haloarchaea

Question 1

diversity of euryarchaeota

Answer 1

methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles, hyperthermophiles

Question 2

levels of NaCl required by extreme halophiles

Answer 2

1.5 M
2-4 M
5.5 M

Question 3

examples of archaea that grows at lower salinities

Answer 3

haloferax
natronobacterium

Question 4

differentiate salt lakes and soda lakes

Answer 4

salt lake - sodium, chloride, sulfate; slightly alkaline
soda lakes - trace amounts of calcium, magnesium ; highly alkaline

Question 5

what type of organism aisde from archaea lives in salt lakes

Answer 5

Dunaleila - alga, oxygenic phototrophs

Question 6

organism present in soda lake bacteria

Answer 6

Ectothiorhodospira
halorhodospira

Question 7

having enclosed basins with solar sea salt

Answer 7

marine salterns

Question 8

massive growth turns reddish purple color due to massive growth

Answer 8

bloom

Question 9

morphology of archaea present in salterns

Answer 9

cup or square shape

Question 10

taxonomic groups within haloarchaea

Answer 10

halobacteriales
natrialbales
haloferacales

Question 11

they grow in soda lakes at pH of 9-11

Answer 11

natrosomonas, natronobacterium

Question 12

morphology of halobacteria

Answer 12

gram -
binary fission
non sporing

Question 13

this bacteria can form gas vesicles

Answer 13

haloquadratum

Question 14

these two bacteria have very large plasmids

Answer 14

halobacterium
halococcus

Question 15

what electron donors are used by haloarchaea in aerobic conditon

Answer 15

amino and organic acid

Question 16

how etc occurs for halobacterium

Answer 16

• electron motive force
• cyt a, b, and c

Question 17

explain the osmotic balance achieved among halophiles

Answer 17

• they pump K ions from the environment to their cytoplasm

Question 18

explain the cell wall components of halobacterium

Answer 18

• Na ions stabilize the negative charge of the carboxyl groups of the aspartate and glutamate
• they will lyse with low NA levels due to repulsion

Question 19

cytoplasmic requirements of H. salinarum

Answer 19

• K ions for balance
• ribosomes require it as well

Question 20

light sensitive pigments in H. salinarum

Answer 20

• bacterioruberins

Question 21

a protein produced as adaptation to low air levels

Answer 21

bacteriorhodopsin

Question 22

this protein absorbs what spectrum of light

Answer 22

green 570 nm

Question 23

another loght driven AtP sysntheis but ises cl as well

Answer 23

halorhodopsin

Question 24

aids in the chemotaxis for halorhodopsin

Answer 24

sensory rhodopsin