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Geo 100 > European Geo (Post-Midterm) > Flashcards

European Geo (Post-Midterm) Flashcards

1
Q

Europe subdivisions

A

Northern, Eastern, Alpine, Balkan, Mediterranean and Western

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2
Q

Relative Location: Europe and it’s Perks

A
  • At the heart of the land hemisphere
  • Maximum efficiency for contact with the rest of the world
  • Every part of ________ is fairly close to the sea
    • Fairly moderated climate (warmer winters and cooler summers)
    • Good for trade; good for fishing
  • Navigable waterways
  • Moderate distances
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3
Q

Europe VS USA/Canada size/location

A
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4
Q

Climate of Europe

A
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5
Q

Physical Realm of Europe

A
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6
Q

Political Realm of Europe

A
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7
Q

Europe Physical Landscapes

A
  • Alpine System
    • Greece, Balkins, Italy
  • Western Uplands
    • Ibirian Pennisula, Scandanavia, British Isles
  • Central Uplands
  • North European Lowland
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8
Q

von Thünen Rings (Europe)

A

Black dot = central city

Orange= Intensive farming + dairying

Red= Forest

Green= Increasingly extensive field crops

Yellow= Ranching, animal products

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9
Q

Europe Co-Location of Resources

A

Iron Ore + Coal

Weber predicts: Manufacturing

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10
Q

Europe - Coal, Ports, Manufacturing areas

A
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11
Q

Europe Diversity

A
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12
Q

Europe Population Pyramid

A

** look at gif

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13
Q

Microstates of Europe

A
  • Small sovereign political entities
  • Dependent on surrounding states
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14
Q

von Thünen Rings

A

The city is located centrally within an “Isolated State” which is self sufficient and has no external influences.

The Isolated State is surrounded by an unoccupied wilderness.

The land of the State is completely flat and has no rivers or mountains to interrupt the terrain.

The soil quality and climate are consistent throughout the State.

Farmers in the Isolated State transport their own goods to market via oxcart, across land, directly to the central city. Therefore, there are no roads.

Farmers act to maximize profits.

In an Isolated State with the foregoing statements being true, Von Thunen hypothesized that a pattern of rings around the city would develop.

There are four rings of agricultural activity surrounding the city. Dairying and intensive farming occur in the ring closest to the city.

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15
Q

European Supranationalism

A
  • A venture that involves three or more states
  • Political, economic, and/or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives
  • “Euro” currency
  • Image below:
    • EU Members
    • Non-members
    • Prospective members
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16
Q

Europe - Supranationalism 1957-1987

A
17
Q

Agrarian Revolution

A
  • Began in Europe in the 1750’s
  • Based on new agricultural innovations
  • Increased food production
  • Enabled sustained population increase
  • Lay the groundwork for the industrial recolution
18
Q

Industrial Revolution

A
  • Developped in the UK between 1750-1850
  • Evolved from technical innovations that occured in British industry
  • Proved to be a major catalyst towards increased urbanizaion
  • Created a huge demand for labour
  • Produced a distinct spatial pattern in Europe
  • Location of raw materials were factor in where people lived
19
Q

Europe - Devolutionary Issues 2004

A
20
Q

Industrial Location Theory

A
  • Alfred Weber published in 1909
    • Examined the influences that affect industrial location
21
Q

Political Revolutions

A
  • Pre-dates both the agrarian and industrial revolutions
  • A general trend towards parlimentary representation and democracy
    • Peace of Westphalia (1648)
    • French Revolution (1789-1795)
  • Impact of nationalism (which continues today)
22
Q

Political Geo Key Terms

A
  • Nation
    • a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory
  • State
    • a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government
  • Nation-State
    • a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent
  • Centrifugal vs. centripetal forces
23
Q

Nation

A

a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory

24
Q

State

A

a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government

25
Q

Nation-State

A

a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent

26
Q

Centrifugal

A

moving or tending to move away from a center.

27
Q

Centripetal

A

moving or tending to move toward a center.

28
Q

Spatial Interaction (in Contemporary Europe)

A
  • Movement across geographic space
  • Involves contact of people in two or more places for the purposes of exchanging goods or ideas
  • Principles:
    • Complementarity
    • Transferability
    • Intervening Opportunity
29
Q

Complementarity

A
  • Two places, through an exchange of goods, can specifically satisfy each other’s demands
  • One area has a surplus of an item demanded by a second area
30
Q

Transferability

A
  • The ease with which a commodity may be transported or the capacity to move a good at a bearable cost
  • Rivers, Mountain Passes, Road networks (connectivity/accessibility)
  • Advances in transportation technology
31
Q

Intervening Opportunity

A
  • The prescence of a nearer source of supply or opportunity that acts to dimish the attractiveness of of more distant sources and sites
32
Q

Changing Population

A
  • Falling share of the world’s population
  • Fertility at all-time low
  • Fewer young people
  • Smaller working age population
  • Boom & bust age-dependent (he didn’t go in depth on this)
  • Immigration partially off-setting losses
33
Q

Europe’s Political Geography

A
  • Size matters
  • Population
    • Too large?
    • Too small?
    • Pattern?
  • Area
    • Large?
      • Positives? Negatives?
34
Q
A
35
Q

Europe - Supranationalism 1997-2007

A
36
Q

Supranationalism Problems?

A
  • Loss of autonomy
  • Disparities in levels of economic development
  • Technical barriers (levels of technology)
  • Cultural Barriers
37
Q

Devolution

A

The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central gov.

Geo 100 (4 decks)

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